University:
Arizona State University
Course:
PHYS 102 | Introductory Physics I
Academic year:

2024
Views:

221

Pages:

4
Author:

Mohammed N.

Fluid Dynamics Density A fluid does not have its own form but adapts to that of the container that contains it. It can be in the liquid phase (e.g. water) or gaseous phase (e.g. gas). The density of the fluid is defined as the ratio between the mass of an objects and the volume it occupies. It's measured in Kg/m^3. The density of a fluid, all things being equal, is independent of the value of the mass. Pressure Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. The SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), is one newton per square metre Pressure is a scalar quantity that tells us the force exerted by the fluid on a surface. Pascal's law states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere Pressure is a scalar quantity that tells us the force exerted by the fluid on a surface. Pascal's law states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere Stevin's law states that the pressure in a fluid depends on the depth at which it is measured. If two points are at different heights in the fluid, the pressure will be higher at the deepest point. p0 is the atmospheric pressure. Archimedes' principle states that each object partially or completely immersed in a fluid receives a vertical upward thrust from the bottom, equal in magnitude to the weight of the volume of the fluid displaced. Bernoulli's Equation The law of energy conservation or Bernoulli's theorem states that the sum of the different forms of energy that a liquid possesses in a section is constant. The sum of potential energy, pressure energy and kinetic energy remains constant in each section. The equation mathematically describes the Bernoulli effect whereby in an ideal fluid on which no energy is applied, for each increase in drift velocity there is simultaneously a decrease in pressure or a change in the potential energy of the fluid (which is not necessarily gravitational). The equation mathematically describes the Bernoulli effect whereby in an ideal fluid on which no energy is applied, for each increase in drift velocity there is simultaneously a decrease in pressure or a change in the potential energy of the fluid (which is not necessarily gravitational). In fact, when a fluid moves inside a pipeline, it can happen that it is not regular. This aspect makes studying the motion of the fluid very complicated. When studying fluids, therefore, it is often assumed that the fluid in question is incompressible, that the flow rate of the fluid is constant over time and the friction of the fluid with the walls of the pipeline and internal friction is neglected. With d the density of the fluid and y its height; g is the acceleration of gravity.