Varactor Diode.!.... Lineare graded diode ptnt junction cdrode Principle:- Transition capacitance CCT) Always operated under reverse bias στα ντη where no for Vit. n = grading coefficient RB Voltage By increasing RB voltage, CT is reduced Characteristic curve.... CT (pf) → In the varactor diode by varying bias voltage we get a revouse minute variation in the transition capacitance CT (ie o.LF) Therefore varactor diode is widely used in the unique application of communication Popular used material. ius Omarts. Low noise microwave device Symbol → Equivalent circuit: Rex dotted lines are of the varactor díocke reverse resistance Cre. Ry p) Rs called contact resistance or ohmic resistance. (Below 1-2) Also called VARI CAP Diode (variable capacitance Diode) / VOLTA -CAP Diode (Voltage variable capacitance diode) Application:- For direct generation of FM by using. Varactor diode. modulator circuit In designing of voltage control oucillator (Veo) in Phe circuit For turning in communication circuit. For electronic tuning or of receivous. automatic turing For fine tuning of receivers For self balancing of AC bridges. For tuning of Le resonant circuit In designing of PARA - Amplifier (parametric amplifier) ٢٠٢٠ a low noise microwave.. power amplifier used with usattellite communication NOTE;-- In discrete components, joints are created by using soldering In Is fabrication soldering ir never used... In Ic fabrication all the friterior joints are simultaneously formed by metallization. Metallization is a process of a creating joint in Ic fabrication In Ic fabrication Sputnik technique is used. gold or silver will be maintained and sprayed so that joints are created GIATE NOTIES Application of photodiode:- NORKBOOK-