University:
Birmingham City University
Course:
B230 | MPharm Pharmacy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

308

Pages:

2
Author:

Stevi M.

Parenteral Drug Administration Parenteral Drug Administration Parenteral means not going through the intestines, meaning administering the drug without going through the digestive tract. Another term for parenteral is injection or injection. Parenteral drug administration is the administration of drugs by injecting drugs into the body. The advantages :  quicker and more regular effects  can be given to patients who are uncooperative, unconscious orthrows up;  very useful in emergencies. The disadvantages :  requires an aseptic method of administration;  causes pain;  danger of transmission of certain diseases;  difficult for sufferers to do alone; - not economical. The various types of parenteral preparations are: 1. In the form of a solution in water, for example Vit.C injection 2. In the form of a solution in oil 3. In the form of a solid drug suspension in water. 4. In the form of a suspension in oil 5. In the form of an emulsion (microemulsion) 6) In the form of sterile crystals to be made into a solution by adding solvent sterile. 6. In the form of sterile crystals for making suspensions. 7. Intravenous infusion fluids 8. Fluids for diagnosis Containers for injection can be: 1. Ampoules 2. Vials or flasks 3. Infusion bottles The various routes of parenteral drug administration are: 1. Intracutaneous or intradermal injection (ik/id) is injected in a small amount (0.1 – 0.2 mL) in the skin for diagnostic purposes, namely determining the disease 2. Subcutaneous/hypodermic injection (sk/hd) is injected under the skin into the alveola and the drug is slowly absorbed so that the intensity of systemic effects can be regulated. 3. Intramuscular (im) injection is injected into the muscle. 4. Intravenous injection (IV), injected directly into a vessel blood. 5. Intrathecal injection (IT), intraspinal, intradural, is injected into the spinal cord (between 3-4 or 5-6 vertebrae) where there is cerebrospinal fluid. 6. Intraperitoneal (ip) injection is injected directly into the cavity stomach. 7. Extra dural peridural injection (IPD), epidural is injected into the epidura, above the dura mater, the outermost covering layer of the brain and spinal cord. 8. Intracisternal (is) is injected into the spinal cord canal at the base of the brain. 9. Intracardial (ikd) directly into the heart.