University:
Boston University
Course:
CAS CH 373 | Principles of Biochemistry
Academic year:

2023
Views:

196

Pages:

8
Author:

StellarStrategist

Carbohydrates metabolism. *metabolism: *note: Kreb's cycle is catabolic and anabolic 1) Anabolic Path way: Called. Amphibolic. conversion of simple into complex molecules. Glucose LATP Glycogen Glycogenesis Insulin is anabolic hormone act in well Fed Statermeal-4how Glacogon, Epinphrine are Amino Acids ATP Protein "proteogenesis" consume ATP Endero gonic pathway Catabolic hormones act catabolic pathway: Conversiun of complex into Simple. during fasting 4-18 hours" Glycogen A Glucose. Glycogeno Lysis? TAGAT F.A+glycerol. Lipolysis protein ATP Amino Acids. Release ATP. Exergonic pathway Carbohydrates: 045-65% of d * daily energy» «fun fact in Arabic country We ২ 80% take CHO2 fanction:- classification:-C-H. Aldoses 0= 2 CCC Ketoses. DSource of energy 194kcal. 2) Stored as glycogen Liver, muscle 3) converted to a as, Fatty acids. 4) Found in glycoproteins or glycolipids. 5) Structere of bacterial cell wall cellulose or in exoskeletalon for Insects chitin" 121 CHO, Triose, 댐우 Tetroses Glyceraldehyde Aldo-triose. Dihydroxy acetone Keto-triose Erythrose. Erythralose. Aldo_tetrose. Keto-tetrose. Ribose Ribulose. upentoses. Aldo-pentose. keta-peutose. CHO 6126 Glucose. fractose Hexose Aldose Isomerases-ketose. ★Digestion of dietary carbohydrates:- Starch, glycogen, cellulose, Sucrose, lactose, @mouth: Salivary x-amylase "plylin" Hydrolyze x (14) glycoside bond of amylose amylopectin. 9(16) Starch Salivary Da-amylase. (1-4) CT PH=6.8 maltose Strach Glycose Xcellulase "Mouth" α(1-6) Isomaltose (1-4) maltotriose (1-4) α(1-6) X-Dextrin Duodenum. Hcl Note:-mouth digest is incomplet duet:@x (1-6) bond is not hydrolyzed. or-amylase "Pancreas ②Short Juration. (Acidity) ② Stomachino carbohydrate digestion Sucrose Hel glacoset fractose. Duodenum: Pancretic x-amylase(amylopsin) PH=7.2 continue is hydrolyzelos_t) bond of Starch. Intestinal Disaccharidases Exo Zymes» Dlactose Sucrase Brash maltose border 4) Isomaltose -Dextrin 420 0000 ↑ Glucose Isoomaltose Isomaltose (1-6) lacosidase Glacose maltose maltoriose maltase, OO Lactose Lactase+ Galactose H20 •Sucrose H2O Glacose Sacrase "+ Fructose G Trehalose 420" GG Absorption of mono Saccharides in Duodenum, Jejunum. Absorption into portal circulation to Liver. cellulose is indigestable but Improve peristalsis. Sodium dependent Transport System" SGLT_1 Facilitated Gluti nerun, RBC placenta Lowkm open at low gloose conc. Intestine Luminal GLuTa Liver, B cell of pancreas, Highkm, open after meal". Glucose Galactose Gluts found in neuron, low km, open at Low glcose conc. Na mucosul cell. Na down gradient Glute Insulin dependent found inmuscle, Adipose tissue? glacass glucose uphill Glats' fructose transport, intestine, liver, Seminal vesiles Lumeno 19 Glucose in blood «After meal" Glucose Pen Glut 2 ↑ km CIUT OrGIUT Lowor high glucose Bidirectional "Brain glucose Liver Glycolysis: Embden meyerhof pathway Occar in cytosol Em Every cell. Brain, RBC. WBC, tistis, renal medalla-called. Insulin Liver glycolysis. Glucagon Liver glycolysis. Glycolysis:- Aerobic DO2+mitochondria(electron transport chain)) eg: Brain heart renal cortex resting musclen 95% of blood Sapply Glucose SATP 2Pyruate Acid "Cortex "CH3-C-COS Anaerobic:- Lack oz or Lack mitchondria: eg: RBC, exercising muscle. WBC, testis tenal medulla 2ATP Glucose 2 Lactate Acidosis