Early English Colonies and Key Figures in Virginia

APUSH Notes Question Definition and Significance of Charter Colony: Definition and Significance of Virginia Company of London: Definition and Significance of Jamestown: Definition and Significance of Powhatan Indians: Definition and Significance of John Smith: Definition and Significance of Pocahontas: Definition and Significance of Starving Time: Definition and Significance of John Rolfe: Definition and Significance of indentured Servants: Definition and Significance of Head-right System: Definition and Significance of Virginia House of Burgesses: Definition and Significance of Anglo-Powhatan Wars: Definition of Significance of Church of England: Definition of Significance of Puritans: Definition of Significance of Pilgrims Mayflower Compact: Definition of Significance of Plymouth Bay: Definition of Significance of William Bradford: Definition of Significance of Squanto: Definition of Significance of Massasoit: Definition of Significance of Massachusetts Bay Company: Answer a colony, as Virginia, Massachusetts, Connecticut, or Rhode Island, chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown. The Virginia Company was an English joint stock company established by royal charter by King James I with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America. A British settlement established on the James River in Virginia in 1607, abandoned when the colonial capital was moved to Williamsburg at the end of the 17th century. A confederacy of Native American peoples of eastern Virginia in the 16th and 17th centuries, with present-day descendants in the same area. An english explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown, Virginia; was said to have been saved by Pocahontas (1580-1631). American Indian; daughter of Powhatan, an Algonquian chief in Virginia. According to John Smith, she rescued him from death at hands of her father. In 1612, she was seized as a hostage by the English, and she later married colonist John Rolfe. The Starving Time at Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia was a period of forced starvation initiated by the Powhatan Confederacy to remove the English from Virginia. The campaign killed all but 60 of the 500 colonists during the winter of 1609-1610. John Rolfe 9c. 1585 - 16220 was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export corp in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas. An indentured servant was a worker, typically a laborer or tradesman, under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for their transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities. System set up by the London company in 1618 that gave 50 acres of land to colonists who paid their own way to Virginia, or paid the way for someone else. Burgess originally meant a freeman of a borough or burgh. It later came to mean an elected or appointed official of a municipality, or the representative of a borough in the English House of Commons. The Anglo-Powhatan Wars were three wars fought between English settlers of the Virginia Colony, and Indians of the Powhatan Confederacy in the early seventeenth century. The First War started in 1610, and ended in a peace settlement in 1614. Anglican Church: the national church of England (and all other churches in other countries that share its beliefs); has its see in Canterbury and the sovereign as its temporal head. One who practices or preaches a more rigorous or professedly purer moral code than that which prevails. Began with the 16th and 17th century Protestant group that opposed the ceremonies of the Church of England as unscriptural. An agreement reached by the Pilgrims on the ship the Mayflower in 1620, just before they landed at Plymouth Rock. The Mayflower Compact bound them to live in a civil society according to their own laws. Plymouth Bay is the name of a small, well-protected bay of the Atlantic Ocean on the western shore of larger Cape Cod Bay along the coastline of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. William Bradford (April 30, 1823 - April 25, 1892) was an American romanticist painter, photographer and explorer, originally from Fairhaven, Massachusetts, near New Bedford. Tisquantum (better known as Squanto) (c. 1580s – November 1622) was a Patuxet. He was the Native American who assisted the Pilgrims after their first winter in the New World and was integral to their survival. (c.1580–1661), chief of the Wampanoag Indians; father of King Philip. He signed a peace treaty with the Pilgrims at Plymouth in 1621 and remained a friend to white settlers. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, situated around the presentday cities of Salem and Boston. The Great Migration is the debut album from Wu-Tang affiliate producer and rapper Definition of Significance of Bronze Nazareth, released through Dreddy Kruger's Think Differently imprint on Great Migration: Babygrande Records. The Maryland Constitution of 1776 renamed the Provincial Court as the General Definition of Significance of Court, which was divided geographically into the General Courts of the Eastern and General Court: Western Shores. (born Jan. 22 [Jan. 12, Old Style], 1588, Edwardstone, Suffolk, Eng.—died April 5 Definition of Significance of [March 26], 1649, Boston, Massachusetts Bay Colony [U.S.]), first governor of the John Winthrop Massachusetts Bay Colony, the chief figure among the Puritan founders of New England. Definition of Significance of "A Model of Christian Charity" is a 1630 sermon by early American colonist John A model of christian charity: Winthrop, who wrote this piece while on board of the Arabella. Prosperity theology (also known as prosperity doctrine, the health and wealth Definition of Significance of gospel, or the prosperity gospel) is a religious belief found among "tens of millions" visible saints: of Christians centered on the notion that God provides material prosperity. is a religious concept, which involves the relationship between God Definition of Significance of Predestination and God's creation. The religious character of predestination distinguishes it from predestination: other ideas about determinism and free will. Definition of Significance of The Protestant Work Ethic (or the Puritan Work Ethic) is a concept in sociology, protestant work ethic: economics and history, attributable to the work of Max Weber. Definition of Significance of (Christianity / Protestantism) any evangelical Protestant Christian Church that is governed according to the principles of Congregationalism. In 1972 the majority of congressional church: churches in the Congregational Church in England and Wales voted. Williams: English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for Definition of Significance of criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter roger williams: for Rhode Island in 1663 (1603-1683). Providence was a large sidewheel steamer launched in 1866 by William H. Webb of Definition of Significance of New York for the Merchants Steamship Company. The first of Narragansett Bay's providence: so-called "floating palaces","The Floating Palaces, 'Providence' and 'Bristol'", Newport Mercury. Definition of Significance of Anne Hutchinson (baptized July 20, 1591 - August 20, 1643) was a pioneer settler in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Netherlands and the unauthorized Anne Hutchinson: minister of a dissident church discussion group. religious movement which believes that only the spiritual 'law of Faith' (Romans Definition of Significance of a 3:27) is essential for salvation; and which is 'against' all other practical 'laws' being Antinomianism: taught as being essential for salvation; and refering to them as legalism. Definition of Significance of (born , probably July 7, 1586, Markfield, Leicestershire, Eng.—died July 7, 1647, Hartford, Conn. [U.S.]), prominent British American colonial clergyman and a Thomas Hooker: founder of Hartford, sometimes called “the father of American democracy.” Fundamental Orders were adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on Definition of Significance of The January 14, 1638/39 OS (January 24, 1639 NS). The orders describe the Fundamental Orders of government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and Connecticut: powers. Definition of Significance of So-called war consisting of clumsy plundering by Massachusetts troops and raids by Pequots in 1637. The colonists eventually won the alliance of rival tribes and waged Pequot War: a ruthless campaign. The war tipped the balance of military power to the English. Metacom (ca. 1639 - August 12, 1676), also known as King Philip or Metacomet, or Definition of Significance of occasionally Pometacom, was a war chief or sachem of the Wampanoag Indians and Metacom: their leader in King Philip's War. Definition of Significance of (1675–77) The first large-scale military action in the American colonies, pitting various Indian tribes against New England colonists and their Indian allies. Marked King Philip's War: by heavy slaughters on both sides (including killings of women and children). Hudson: English navigator who discovered the Hudson River; in 1610 he attempted Definition of Significance of to winter in Hudson Bay but his crew mutinied and set him adrift to die (1565Henry Hudson: 1611). New Netherland, or Nieuw-Nederland in Dutch, was the seventeenth-century Definition of Significance of colonial province on the East Coast of North America of the Republic of the Seven New Netherlands: United Netherlands. The claimed territories were the lands from the Delmarva Peninsula. an Anglicized Dutch term referring to a grant of land and political authority (a fief) Definition of Significance of awarded to an individual, a patroon, who had the obligation to settle fifty colonists Patroonship: within four years. Peter Stuyvesant (c. 1612 - August 1672), served as the last Dutch Director-General Definition of Significance of of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the Peter Stuyvesant: English in 1664, after which it was renamed New York. the theological doctrine of the Society of Friends characterized by Definition of Significance of (quakerism) opposition to war and rejection of ritual and a formal creed and an ordained Quakers: ministry Son of an Admiral who had supported the restoration, Penn joined the Quakers in Definition of Significance of 1662 after he was thrown out of college for associating with Puritans. His trial, with William Penn: William Meade, for preaching at an unauthorized Quaker meeting. proprietary colony is a colony in which one or more private land owners retain Definition of Significance of A rights that are normally the privilege of the state, and in all cases eventually became Proprietary Colony: so. Definition of Significance of The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law Maryland Act of Toleration: mandating religious tolerance for trinitarian Christians. Definition of Significance of The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories of the United Kingdom which, although they do not form part of the United Kingdom itself, fall under its Royal Colony: jurisdiction. James Edward Oglethorpe (22 December 1696 – 30 June 1785) was a British Definition of Significance of general, a philanthropist, and was the founder of the colony of Georgia. As a social James Oglethorpe: reformer in Britain, he hoped to resettle Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prison.