History of Tourism in the Renaissance

History of Tourism in the Renaissance Renaissance comes from the Latin Renascari which means rebirth. Rebirth means the return of the influence of Ancient Greek and Roman art and culture and the sinking of the influence of the church in the social life of society. At that time, the church almost dominated all aspects of social and state life. The church is in control of government, creativity is regulated by the church, etc. The dominance of this church is Scholastic (everything aims for the afterlife) and its slogan is Memento Mori (Remember death). The dominance of this church had a bad effect on European civilization so that this era was called the dark ages. For example, science is experiencing a decline, feudalism is occurring and the economy is too focused on agriculture without developing other sectors. Due to these restrictions by the church, a cultural movement emerged, which was initially a renewal movement in the mental, social and ecclesiastical fields in Italy in the mid-14th century only. However, because the domination of the church began to influence the government, the knight class could no longer live in luxury, splendor, might and fame, so a renaissance spirit arose. The Renaissance was the pioneer of modern civilization in Europe. One of the essences of the Renaissance spirit is the view that humans must not only think about what they will be like in the afterlife but must also think about what they will be like when they are still alive, thus making humans who are born into the world to cultivate, perfect and enjoy the world and then think about the afterlife. The characteristics of the Renaissance are that the thinking that emerges is concrete, realistic and real, worships humans themselves as creators, focuses on the world, objects, the philosophical values adopted are influenced by objects. The Renaissance taught humans to utilize their abilities and knowledge for service to others. Humans should live an active life thinking about the public interest, not just a life of enjoyment in the shackles of morals and science. Humans must play an active role, not passive and surrender to fate because humans are the center of everything in life or Anthopocentrism. Renaissance man must dare to praise himself, prioritize his ability to think and act responsibly, produce works of art and direct his destiny to others. The human desire to emphasize oneself both in terms of physical beauty and intellectual abilities. His wishes were expressed in various works of literary art, painting, sculpture, music and others. The weakening of the influence of the church gave freedom to travel again. In the Middle Ages, travel was restricted because it was not in line with religion, so in this era, travel is free again and is considered part of art. At that time, the type of leisure carried out was related to their freedom with the aim of having fun or educational purposes. A popular tourist destination at that time was for education. This means that people travel to get an education. The "educational route" was popular among British youth: London, Paris, Genoa, Milan, Florence, Rome, and back via Switzerland, Germany and the Netherlands. For example, painters and sculptors traveled throughout Europe either invited to work or study with other artists. In the late 17th century, many philosophers spoke of the benefits of travel for educating young people. Jan Amos Komensky as the First Teacher explains in his writing that conducting tourist visits for students aims to ensure the visibility and objectivity of knowledge. Such excursions are starting to be practiced in some educational institutions in Europe. As time went by, trips were made to search for new territories by exploring the ocean, which was first done by Columbus. This discovery was announced throughout Europe and gradually, people started traveling to the region for recreation, medical care, religion, education and economic purposes, etc. The Renaissance was marked by the emergence of new forms of travel. Trips to visit beautiful and famous places are organized for the purpose of enjoyment and pleasure. During the Renaissance, infrastructure began to improve, although basic means of transport and accommodation remained the same as in the Middle Ages, with the exception of guesthouses because in this century there was an increase in the number of private guesthouses, and it was possible not only to stay overnight, but also to stay for relatively long periods. With the rapid development of transportation systems, the liberalization of working conditions, and the growing desire for enrichment, it was not long before recreational tourism became part of the lives of almost all levels of society. The tourist activities they usually do are related to the freedom they want to get after being down in the previous era, such as gambling, drinking, enjoying works of art, having fun, etc. Seeing the type of tourism that was done at that time, I feel that everything that was done then is still being done today. Traveling for educational purposes is still carried out today with more modern packaging, traveling for fun is also still available. But it is different with art. The Renaissance era, which is synonymous with works of art, is now starting to erode. Previously, there were many art exhibitions, but now activities related to works of art are rarely held. This is due to a lack of interest and knowledge about art, not everyone can enjoy art, only those who have a high artistic spirit understand the meaning of art. An example is a painting exhibition. Many ordinary people may not be interested in painting exhibitions because they do not understand the artistic value in them. So this painting exhibition is only intended for painting lovers. Regarding the solution for implementing leisure with art exhibitions, I myself am of the opinion that we cannot force everyone to enjoy this exhibition, so my solution is that this exhibition is better aimed at people who like art. This is done by establishing art galleries, holding art festivals, holding art exhibitions, etc. And this is widely applied, especially in Indonesia. Why do I suggest this solution because considering that not all art can be enjoyed by everyone, establishing art galleries, festivals and art exhibitions will help to introduce art, preserve it, and attract tourists to see it.