Written Assignment Unit 2

Assignment Unit 2 The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical, distributed service that acts as a host-name translation system for IP addresses for computers, services, and any other Internet-connected resource. We can access the Google site by typing www.google.com in the address bar of the browser instead of having to remember an IP number like 8.8.8.8, which is a numerical combination that is tough to remember. It converts the internet protocol address that people use to find a website into the internet protocol address that a computer uses to find a website (Lutkevich & Burke, n.d). In other words, when you type in a URL, the domain name is translated into an IP address, which is then used by DNS to send your browser to that server. An IP address is a number that identifies a computer on the Internet. This means that two separate websites cannot share the same IP address (URLs). According to Merritt (2018), there are few facts concerning DNS that we should be aware of: You can accelerate things; You can increase your security; You can remain private and fast; and there are also IPv6 public DNS servers available. Global cooperation is essential for the DNS and IP address systems to function correctly. It is required to ensure that IP addresses cannot be assigned decentralized, and that each IP address globally uniquely designates a particular server. The DNS server does an excellent job of converting the names that the browser delivers to it into IP addresses that may be used to access the site. Consequently, depending on which DNS server is configured to be used, the surfing performance can vary significantly from one user to another. Performance is influenced by a variety of factors, ranging from the physical distance between the servers to the quality and frequency with which the database is updated. A decent DNS includes servers located all over the world, which increases the likelihood that the user will be able to connect to one when seeking an identifier when using the service. Given the significance of DNS servers, it should come as no surprise that a large number of attacks take advantage of weaknesses in these servers or the way in which users interact with them. DNS hijacking: Malware can also be used to interfere with proper domain name resolution, directing victims to a cybercriminal-controlled server. Malware exists that modifies the DNS settings made by the user or ISP. When an attacker has this capability, he or she can carry out an array of attacks on the victim's computer, from phishing to exploits that take use of flaws in the browser to infect the system while the victim is browsing the web, assuming the pages to be reliable but actually being generated by the attacker (Akamai, 2018). In other terms, a DNS assault is an exploit in which the hacker exploits DNS vulnerabilities. This occurs when a hacker is able to save his webpage in the cache that DNS servers maintain for all the names and IP addresses that users look up in order to optimize speed, redirecting the targeted website to the hacker's webpage. Conclusion DNS continues to be a critical protocol for all types of Internet-based operations. Unfortunately, malicious actors will continue to be involved in these operations for the foreseeable future as well. Organizations may increase the security of their DNS usage by utilizing available services and technologies, while still providing the performance and functionality that their consumers expect.