University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
SOC 150 | Introductory Sociology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

239

Pages:

2
Author:

Amel S.

Project Planning and Preparation Procedures Planning is one of the very important functions of project management, namely determining the steps of future activities needed to achieve goals. Planning is a process that tries to lay the foundation for goals and objectives including preparing all resources to achieve them. According to Iman Soeharto (1997) planning provides a guideline for implementation regarding the allocation of resources to carry out activities. A good plan requires clear explanations regarding the relationship between the elements that are part of the plan so that all parts of the organization and personnel involved know the direction of the intended action. The elements of project planning include: 1) Schedule A schedule is a description of project planning into a systematic sequence of activity steps to achieve goals. 2) Forecast A forecast is an effort made systematically to see future conditions with available data. The purpose of the forecast is to provide information to be used as one of the bases for planning and control. 3) Target A target is a specific goal where all activities are directed and attempted to achieve it. 4) Policies and Procedures Policies can be interpreted as statements that provide guidance in decision-making matters. Policies provide limitations on which activities may and may not be carried out in a particular problem, while procedures explain how to make decisions based on existing instructions. 5) Budget A budget is a form of planning that cannot be separated from project activities in particular and companies in general. A budget shows the planning of the use of funds to carry out work within a certain period of time. In addition, a systematic approach to project planning according to Iman Soeharto (1997) is characterized by the following steps: 1) Determining Objectives Objectives can be interpreted as guidelines that provide direction for all activities to be carried out. 2) Determining Targets Targets are certain points that need to be achieved to realize a previously set goal. 3) Reviewing the Initial Position Against Objectives Reviewing the initial position and situation against the goals or targets is intended to determine the extent of the organization's readiness and position at the beginning against existing targets. 4) Choosing Alternatives There are always several alternatives that can be used to realize goals and targets. Therefore, choosing the most appropriate alternative for an activity to be carried out requires carefulness and assessment needs to be carried out so that the chosen alternative does not cause harm in the future. 5) Compiling a Series of Steps to Achieve Objectives This process consists of determining the best steps that can possibly be implemented after considering various limitations.