Basic Principles in Decision Making

BASIC PRINCIPLES IN DECISION MAKING Abstract Principles in decision making are very important to be guidelines when making a decision. Because with principles, decisions can be made well. These principles must also be able to benefit all parties, no one will be harmed when a decision is made. Do not forget that each principle must pay attention to several aspects. Therefore, this must be carefully considered so that goals can be achieved and no one feels disadvantaged. A. INTRODUCTION 1. Background Of Principles In Decision Making Principles in decision making are references used when a leader of an agency or institution will make a decision. These principles must be considered because they will affect the results of a decision. 2. Purpose Of Principles The purpose of making these principles is to make it easier for a leader to make decisions and make decisions that are in accordance with the rules. Principles also aim so that when making decisions, everything does not deviate from what it should be because there are principles. B. PRINCIPLES OF DECISION MAKING 1. Basis Of Principles In Decision Making All of the principles below can be used as a basis for every decision making, namely: a) Decisions are basically intended to solve problems, therefore every alternative solution should be right for the problem in question. b) Every decision should be the best alternative with minimal risk. c) Decisions should have considered the scope and risks systematically and systematically. d) Decisions should not be outside the human zone of acceptance. e) Effective decisions are decisions that are implemented. f) Decisions should solve generic problems, not technical operational problems. g) Decision making consists of the stages of decision formulation and decision implementation. h) Decision making should produce measurable results. i) Decisions do not always have to start from data, but from judgment. 2. Principle Requirements According to the book "Decision Making in Educational Leadership" written by Mustiningsih on page 14, decision making in educational leadership requires several principles as stated by Hoy and Miskel (1987) which consist of: a) Paying attention to the morale and enthusiasm of members; b) Participation; c) Fulfillment of member needs; d) Member respect; e) Situation and condition; f) Role and function of decision making between members and administrators; g) Limiting the nature of the problem; h) Minimizing negative consequences and maximizing positive consequences. 3. Classification Of Principles In Decision Making According to the book "Decision Making Techniques" written by Aspizain Chaniago in chapter 3 on the Basis of Decision Making, George R. Terry (in Decision Making Techniques, 2017, pages 11 to 12), argues that the basis for decision making can be classified into 5 groups, namely: a) Intuition, namely: has a subjective nature, so it is easily influenced. b) Experience, namely: has benefits for practical knowledge, because experience can estimate the state of something, can calculate the advantages and disadvantages, the pros and cons of the decisions to be taken. c) Facts; can provide healthy, solid and good decisions. The level of trust in decision making can be higher, so that people will accept decisions made willingly and openly. d) Authority; usually carried out by leaders towards their subordinates or people of higher rank towards people of lower rank. e) Rational; the resulting decisions are objective, logical, more transparent, consistent to maximize results or values within certain constraints so that they can be said to be close to the truth or in accordance with what is desired. C. CONCLUSION In my opinion, the principles in decision making must be able to solve a problem that may arise when a decision has been made. The principles in decision making must also be strong so that when the process of making a decision, nothing deviates from the principles that have been held. D. IMPLICATIONS I hope that the principles that already exist today will be further improved so that every decision that exists and for leaders who will make decisions in the future will also be better and not harm anyone, it is better if these principles make decisions in the future beneficial for all parties, not only for those who carry them out but for those who make them. E. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the description that I have written, I recommend an activity such as a seminar that discusses all the principles in decision making or a discussion activity between leaders in order to create a good decision for the future. And also so that a leader when making a decision sticks to his principles, and these principles must be in accordance with the current situation and conditions.