Network Planning

Network Planning 1. Definition of Network Planning Network Planning is a management tool that allows for broader and more complete planning and supervision of a project (Hafnidar A. R., 2016: 28). Where the project itself is explained as a series of activities/activities that have a starting point and must be implemented and completed to achieve a certain goal (Hafnidar A. R., 2016: 28). Meanwhile, according to several experts, Network Planning is explained in different languages, such as Sofwan Badri (1997: 13) who argues that Network Planning is in principle a relationship of dependency between parts of work (variables) that are depicted/visualized in a Network Diagram (in the writing of Lutfi Nuary. 2013. Network Planning). Meanwhile, Muchlisin Riadi (2019) on his internet page explains several different opinions of experts regarding Network Planning. among them is Fahmi (2014) who argues that Network Planning is a condition and situation faced by a manager by placing analysis in terms of time and cost as the background in every decision making, especially decisions related to the network. Nurhayati (2010) also argues that Network Planning is a tool used to plan, schedule, and monitor progress in a project. And from Dimyati (2006) Network Planning is a work network plan that involves all activities in the project and the logic of dependencies between each other. In addition, the explanation from Rusland Archigreen in his scientific work explains that Network Planning is a description/event and activity that is expected to occur and is made chronologically and with a logical and related relationship between an event or activity with others. So from the explanation above, it can be concluded that Network Planning is a management tool that has a wider and more complete scope for planning, scheduling, monitoring a project as a whole based on the logic of dependencies, time and cost analysis to achieve certain goals. 2. Objectives & Benefits of Network Planning Rusland Archigreen explains in his scientific work that Network Planning has the following objectives. a. Helps create an efficient work sequence time schedule. b. Helps to divide time, energy and costs evenly. c. Makes it easier to reschedule if there is a delay in completion. d. Helps determine the Trade Off/exchange of time with costs efficiently. e. Helps open up other probabilities/possibilities to complete the project. f. Helps to plan complex projects. As for the benefits of Network Planning, Rusland Archigreen explains as follows. a. Able to plan scheduling and supervise projects logically. b. Think comprehensively and in detail about the project. c. Document and communicate scheduling plans (time) and other alternatives in completing the project with or without additional costs. d. Supervise the project more efficiently, because the focus is only on the critical path that needs to be strictly observed by the supervisor. The explanation of the Construction Project Management book by Hafnidar A. Rani (2016: 39-40) regarding several benefits of Network Planning are as follows. a. Through logical dependency, planning must be made in detail by calculating and knowing the time and costs required. b. Through a detailed description of the arrangement of the division of work with critical (important) and non-critical completion times, it helps managers to arrange the division of effort for work. c. Provides valuable assistance in terms of communication. d. Provides the possibility of implementing a more economical plan in terms of direct costs, eliminating doubts about the use of existing resources and others. Apart from Hafnidar A. Rani, there is also an opinion from Lutfi Nuary (2013) which was conveyed in his scientific work regarding the usefulness of Network Planning as follows. a. Data or information obtained can be organized properly, showing the sequence of work from the most efficient in terms of cost and implementation time. b. Can focus attention on critical things that may occur in project implementation. c. Directing leaders in making decisions and managing resources as an effort to accelerate project completion. The resources in question are equipment, people, and special facilities for the project. d. Facilitate coordination with people or institutions involved. e. Facilitate supervision and control. f. Guidelines for project implementers. 3. Principles of Network Planning The principles that must be considered in conducting Network Planning are as follows. a. Network Diagrams must be easy to read and understand. b. Must start and end with an event or incident. c. Activities are symbolized by arrows and depicted with straight lines or broken lines. d. Intersections between arrows are avoided. e. There is only one arrow between two events. f. Pseudo activities are written with a dotted line with the necessary number. 4. Factors Affecting Network Planning According to Eddy Herjanto (2003: 338), the factors that affect Network Planning are: a. Analysis of the project completion schedule. b. Problems that may arise if there is a delay. c. Probability of project completion. d. Costs required to complete the project. 5. Advantages & Disadvantages of Network Planning The advantages and disadvantages of Network Planning that can be considered by a manager using Network Planning. The advantages of Network Planning include. a. Shows a logical arrangement between activities. b. Shows the reciprocal relationship between financing and project completion time. c. Helps show the most urgent or critical activities and the effect of delays in an activity on project completion time. Meanwhile, the disadvantages of Network Planning include the following. a. Does not show a time scale as with a Gantt chart. b. Progress cannot be shown. c. The position of the journey or process cannot be seen in the diagram.