University:
Cambridge College
Course:
PHI 320 | Philosophy of Film
Academic year:

2023
Views:

95

Pages:

2
Author:

Hayley Clayton

Carbohydrates store energy for organisms! 45. In what ratio are hydrogen & oxygen atoms in carbohydrates? Hydrogen and oxygen atoms in carbohydrates are typically found in a ratio of 2:1, which is the same ratio as in water (H2O) 46. In what 3 forms do carbohydrates exist? Carbohydrates exist in three forms: - Monosaccharides - Disaccharides - Polysaccharides 47. What are the monomers of carbohydrates called? What is their common name? Give the ratio of carbons, hydrogens, & oxygens. The monomers of carbohydrates are called monosaccharides, and their common name is sugars. The ratio of carbons, hydrogens, and oxygens in monosaccharides is usually 1:2:1 48. Name the 3 MOST common monosaccharides. Glucose, Fructose, Galactose 49. Sketch & label a molecule of each of these monosaccharides. How do they compare? Write the chemical formula for all three. - Glucose: It is a six-carbon sugar with the chemical formula C6H12O6 - Fructose: It is also a six-carbon sugar with the same chemical formula C6H12O6 but has a different structural arrangement - Galactose: Similar to glucose and fructose, it is a six-carbon sugar with the chemical formula C6H12O6 but has a different structural arrangement 50. Because all 3 simple sugars have the same chemical, but different structural formulas, they are called _____isomers__________. 51. What are double sugars called? Name & describe the process that forms them. Double sugars are called disaccharides. They are formed through a process called dehydration synthesis (also known as condensation reaction), where two monosaccharides join together with the removal of a water molecule 52. Name a disaccharide. An example of a disaccharide is sucrose, which is composed of glucose and fructose 53. What forms a polysaccharide? Name a polysaccharide found in animals. Name 2 found in plants? Polysaccharides are formed by linking together many monosaccharide units. An example of a polysaccharide found in animals is glycogen. Two polysaccharides found in plants are starch and cellulose 54. What chemical reaction formed these large molecule? What reaction would be needed to break these molecules? The chemical reaction that forms these large molecules is dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction). To break these molecules down, a hydrolysis reaction is needed