Male Reproductive System: Anatomy, Histology, and Physiology

Fourth week quizzes Anatomy of Male reproductive system A 40-year-old man complains of loss of sensation over the right scrotum and on the medial right thigh. Damage to which of the following nerves would result in such symptoms? Select one: a. Femoral b. Iliohypogastric c. Lateral cutaneous n. of the thigh d. Iliolumbar e. Ilioinguinal The correct answer is: Ilioinguinal The ductus (vas) deferens is connected to the prostatic urethra by Select one: a. The urachus b. The prostatic utricle c. Gartner's duct d. Epididymis e. The ejaculatory duct The correct answer is: The ejaculatory duct Nodes receiving lymph from the testis: Select one: a. External iliac b. Superficial inguinal c. Presacral d. Internal iliac e. Para-aortic The correct answer is: Para-aortic Internal spermatic fascia is derived from: Select one: a. Internal oblique muscle b. Colles fascia c. External oblique muscle d. Fascia transversalis The correct answer is: Fascia transversalis The sequence of sperm movements Select one: a. seminiferous tubules → vas deferens → epididymis b. seminiferous tubules → rete testis → efferent ductules c. efferent ductules → rete testis → seminiferous tubules d. rete testis → seminiferous tubules → efferent ductules The correct answer is: seminiferous tubules → rete testis → efferent ductules Left testicular vein drains into: Select one: a. SVC b. Hepatic vein c. IVC d. Left renal vein The correct answer is: Left renal vein Injury to which nerve during a herniorrhaphy may cause paresthesia at the root of scrotum and base of the penis Select one: a. Iliohypogastric b. Ilioinguinal c. Femoral d. Obturator The correct answer is: Ilioinguinal Which lobe of prostate gland raises uvula vesicae: Select one: a. Lateral lobe b. Posterior lobe c. Anterior lobe d. Median lobe The correct answer is: Median lobe Which of the following structure in the spermatic cord is not at risk of injury during vasectomy Select one: a. Cremasteric artery b. Ilioinguinal nerve c. Testicular artery d. Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve The correct answer is: Ilioinguinal nerve Histology of Male reproductive system I The functional components of the testes are Select one: a. Seminiferous tubules. b. Rete testes. c. Tubuli recti d. Tunica albuginea The correct answer is: Seminiferous tubules. What is the capsule that surrounds the testes? Select one: a. Tunica albuginea b. Tunica externa c. Tunica media d. Tunica adventitia. The correct answer is: Tunica albuginea The Sertoli cells Select one: a. Form the blood testicular barrier b. None are correct c. Divide to give primary spermatocytes d. Secrete testosterone. The correct answer is: Form the blood testicular barrier Which cells produce testosterone? Select one: a. Leydig cells b. Sertoli cells c. Myoid cells d. Spermatogonia A The correct answer is: Leydig cells What is the mature sperm cell? Select one: a. Spermatogonia. b. Primary spermatocytes c. Spermatozoa d. Spermatids. The correct answer is: Spermatozoa Which one of the following are the earliest cells of spermatogenesis? Select one: a. Secondary spermatocytes. b. Spermatogonia c. Primary spermatocytes d. Spermatids The correct answer is: Spermatogonia Which of the following is NOT considered part of the male genital duct system? Select one: a. Ductus deferens b. Rete testis c. Tubuli recti d. Seminal vesicles. The correct answer is: Seminal vesicles. What is the "cap" at the anterior portion of a spermatazoon? Select one: a. Head. b. Middle piece. c. Acrosome d. Tail. The correct answer is: Acrosome Histology of Male reproductive system II What is the most commonly seen type of epithelium in the prostate Select one: a. Transitional. b. Stratified squamous c. Simple squamous. d. Simple columnar The correct answer is: Simple columnar Which of the following organs is normally characterized by the accumulation of corpora amylacea with increasing age? Select one: a. Prostate b. Seminal vesicles c. Ductus (vas) deferens d. Epididymis The correct answer is: Prostate Which is the most prominent layer in the vas deferens? Select one: a. Advetintitia b. Muscle layer c. Epithelium. d. Connective tissue layer The correct answer is: Muscle layer Which is the most prominent layer in the vas deferens? Select one: a. Advetintitia b. Epithelium. c. Muscle layer d. Connective tissue layer The correct answer is: Muscle layer What is the surface modification seen on the epididymal epithelium? Select one: a. Kinocilia b. Stereocilia. c. Keratinization d. Microvilli The correct answer is: Stereocilia. one of the following is true? Select one: a. There is one corpus cavernosa and two corpora spongiosum b. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum c. There is one corpus cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum d. There are two corpora cavernosa and two corpora spongiosum The correct answer is: There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum The lining epithelium of the epididymis is: Select one: a. Pseudostratified columnar b. Simple columnar c. Stratified squamous d. Simple squamous The correct answer is: Pseudostratified columnar Which of the following is NOT a male accessory gland? Select one: a. Seminal vesicles b. Bulbourethral gland c. Ductus epididymidis d. Prostate The correct answer is: Ductus epididymidis Anatomy of Female reproductive system A 35-year-old woman was seen by her obstetrician and gynaecologist complaining of swelling in the genital region. On examination, a tense cystic swelling was found beneath the posterior two-thirds of the right labium majus and minus. A diagnosis of a cyst of the right greater vestibular gland (Bartholin's cyst) was made The following statements concerning this case are probably correct except which? Select one: a. The lymphatic drainage of this area is into the lateral group of superficial inguinal node b. Infection of the duct by the gonococcus is a common cause of the blockage c. The cyst of the greater vestibular gland is produced by the retention of secretion caused by the blockage of the duct d. A small tender swelling was detected below and medial to the inguinal ligament e. Infection of the cyst may occur, forming a painful abscess The correct answer is: The lymphatic drainage of this area is into the lateral group of superficial inguinal node Which statement is true about the uterus? Select one: a. The basal layer of the endometrium is shed each month during menses b. The cervix projects into the vagina. c. The round ligament is peritoneum that drapes over the uterus d. The myometrium is composed of several layers of skeletal muscle. The correct answer is: The cervix projects into the vagina. After an amniocentesis, a 29-year-old woman who is carrying twins learns that one fetus has XY chromosomes and the other has XX chromosomes. At 37 weeks’ gestation, the woman delivers two healthy babies. Which of the following structures is likely to be present in the baby with the XY chromosomes but not in the one with XX chromosomes? Select one: a. prostate b. perineal body c. rectum d. urinary bladder e. urethra The correct answer is: prostate A resident physician is performing a pelvic examination on a young woman. The fingers of one of her hands are in the patient’s vagina, palpating the cervix. The other hand is pressing on the abdomen. With the palm of this hand, the physician feels a bony structure in the lower midline. This structure is most likely the Select one: a. ischium b. sacrum c. ilium d. pubis e. coccyx The correct answer is: pubis Supports of the uterus are all EXCEPT Select one: a. Mackenrodt’s’ ligament b. Levator ani c. Uterosacral ligament d. Broad ligament The correct answer is: Broad ligament All are true about Bartholin gland EXCEPT Select one: a. Present in the superficial perineal pouch b. Homologous of the male bulbourethral gland c. Opens into the vestibule between hymen and labia minora d. Located at the junction of anterior 1/3 and middle 1/3 of labia majora The correct answer is: Located at the junction of anterior 1/3 and middle 1/3 of labia majora The normal position of the uterus is: Select one: a. retroverted and anteflexed b. retoverted and retroflexed c. anteverted and anteflexed d. anteverted and retroflexed The correct answer is: anteverted and anteflexed Which of the following prevents prolapse of the uterus? Select one: a. Transverse cervical ligament b. Inguinal ligament c. Broad ligament d. Sacrospinous ligament The correct answer is: Transverse cervical ligament All are parts of vulva EXCEPT: Select one: a. Clitoris b. Perineal body c. Labia minora d. Labia majora The correct answer is: Perineal body Embryology of Male genital system The genital ridge: Select one: a. Lies medial to the mesonephros b. Lies medial to the dorsal mesentery c. Is endodermal in origin d. Appears on the 8th week The correct answer is: Lies medial to the mesonephros The indifferent gonad: Select one: a. Contains solid sex cords b. Arises by coelomic epithelial proliferation c. Sex cords appear earlier in male gonads d. All are correct The correct answer is: All are correct Regarding the primordial germ cells select the untrue statement Select one: a. Become incorporated in sex cords at six weeks b. Move along the dorsal gut mesentery c. Have an inductive influence on gonadal development d. Migrate by amoeboid movement e. Arise from coelomic epithelium The correct answer is: Arise from coelomic epithelium Sex determination occurs initially through the SRY transcription factor to form Select one: a. uterus b. kidney c. ovary d. urinary bladder e. testes The correct answer is: testes INCORRECT statement about genital system development is Select one: a. Genital ridge forms at week 5 b. Develop from mesoderm c. External genitalia are fully differentiated at week 5 d. Testis develops earlier than the ovary The correct answer is: External genitalia are fully differentiated at week 5 The embryonic origin of the labia minora is/are the Select one: a. two urogenital urethral (genital) folds b. two labioscrotal folds (swellings) c. genital tubercle d. coacal membrane The correct answer is: two urogenital urethral (genital) folds The embryonic origin of the scrotum is/are the: Select one: a. genital tubercle b. coacal membrane c. two labioscrotal folds (swellings) d. two urogenital urethral (genital) folds The correct answer is: two labioscrotal folds (swellings) The testes normally complete their descend in the scrotum by the age of Select one: a. End of 8th month of intrauterine life b. End of 7th month of intrauterine life c. End of 9th month of intrauterine life d. After birth The correct answer is: End of 9th month of intrauterine life Embryology of Female genital system The paramesonephric ducts in the embryo develop which of the following Select one: a. uterine tubes and uterus b. ductus deferens c. ovary d. seminal vesicle The correct answer is: uterine tubes and uterus newborn infant presents with ambiguous genitalia. Gonads are not palpable, but müllerian structures are present on ultrasound examination. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is elevated. The karyotypic analysis shows the infant is 46, XX. Which of the following is the best diagnosis for this presentation? Select one: a. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia b. Klinefelter c. Turner d. Ovo-testicular disorder of sexual development e. Cryptorchidism The correct answer is: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia The upper 3/4th of vagina develops from Select one: a. Mullerian ducts b. Wolffian ducts c. Genital ridge d. Genital swelling The correct answer is: Mullerian ducts A newborn male is found to have urethral openings along the ventral surface of the penis. The physician explains to the parents that the bilateral structures that should have fused in the midline failed to fuse completely, and this resulted in the defect. The parents are very concerned, but the physician reassures them that this can easily be surgically corrected. Which of the following structures in a female normally develop from the same structures that failed to fuse in this boy Select one: a. Labia minora b. Labia majora c. Round ligaments of the uterus d. Ovarian ligaments e. Crura of the clitoris The correct answer is: Labia minora The ovarian ligament and the round ligament of the uterus are derivatives of: Select one: a. Peritoneum b. Transversalis fascia c. Gubernaculum d. Processus vaginalis The correct answer is: Gubernaculum The development of the ovarian parenchyma is characterized by Select one: a. The proliferation of the germ cells (oogonia) up the 36th developmental week b. The formation of primordial follicles by the arrangement of follicle cells around the oocytes c. The mitotic division of the germ cells, which is limited to the embryonic period, while their meiosis begins only after birth d. The proliferation of the primordial germ cells that form the sex cords The correct answer is: The formation of primordial follicles by the arrangement of follicle cells around the oocytes The embryonic origin of the penile urethra is/are the Select one: a. coacal membrane b. two urogenital urethral (genital) folds c. two labioscrotal folds (swellings) d. genital tubercle The correct answer is: two urogenital urethral (genital) folds The embryonic origin of the labia majora is/are the: Select one: a. two urogenital urethral (genital) folds b. genital tubercle c. two labioscrotal folds (swellings) d. coacal membrane The correct answer is: two labioscrotal folds (swellings) Histology of Female reproductive system I The appearance of the antrum is a characteristic of which stage of follicular development Select one: a. Primary follicle b. Mature follicle c. Primordial follicle d. Secondary follicle The correct answer is: Secondary follicle Which of the following is characteristic of granulosa lutein cells? Select one: a. Secrete progesterone b. Are a minor cell type in the corpus luteum c. Are small and dark-staining d. Derive from the theca interna The correct answer is: Secrete progesterone Which of the following statements concerning the corpus luteum is true? Select one: a. It becomes the corpus albicans. b. It derives its granulosa luteal cells from the theca externa c. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone. d. It produces luteinizing hormone The correct answer is: It becomes the corpus albicans. Which of the following statements concerning the oviduct is NOT true? Select one: a. Its epithelium contains ciliated cells b. The isthmus has less folded mucosa. c. It is lined by a simple columnar epithelium d. It possesses a fimbriated portion where fertilization most often occurs The correct answer is: It possesses a fimbriated portion where fertilization most often occurs The inner part of the ovary is called Select one: a. Medulla b. Germinal epithelium c. Cortex d. Follicle The correct answer is: Medulla Which stage of the follicle is surrounded by flattened (squamous) follicular cells? Select one: a. Primordial follicle b. Primary follicle c. Secondary follicle d. Graafian follicle The correct answer is: Primordial follicle What is the glycoprotein coat locates between the oocyte and the granulosa cells Select one: a. Zona pellucida b. Antrum c. Graafian follicle d. Theca folliculi The correct answer is: Zona pellucida What is a mature ovarian follicle called Select one: a. Graafian b. Oogenesis. c. Ovary d. Ovulation. The correct answer is: Graafian Histology of Female reproductive system II The uterus is lined with Select one: a. simple columnar epithelium partly ciliated. b. simple columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells. c. simple columnar ciliated epithelium with stereocili d. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The correct answer is: simple columnar epithelium partly ciliated. The external os of the cervix is lined by: Select one: a. Stratified squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium. c. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium d. Simple columnar epithelium The correct answer is: Stratified squamous epithelium Which feature is characteristic of the endometrium’s basal layer but not of its functional layer Select one: a. Contains cells that replace the surface epithelium after menstruation b. Undergoes cyclic thickening and shedding c. Includes the uterine surface epithelium d. Relies solely on spiral arteries for its blood supply. The correct answer is: Contains cells that replace the surface epithelium after menstruation In comparison with the body of the uterus, the adult cervix has Select one: a. junctional zone between smooth and skeletal muscle layers in its muscularis b. A nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium throughout its length c. A wall composed chiefly of dense connective tissue d. A Copious secretion of thin alkaline fluid, especially during menses. The correct answer is: A wall composed chiefly of dense connective tissue What is the endometrium? Select one: a. Uterus muscular layer b. Uterus mucosac c. Uterine tube mucosa d. Uterus adventitia The correct answer is: Uterus mucosac The spiral arteries are present in Select one: a. Ovary b. Uterus c. Oviduct d. Vagina The correct answer is: Uterus Where fertilization occurs Select one: a. Uterine tube infundibulum b. Uterine tube ampulla c. Uterus endometrium d. Uterine tube isthmus The correct answer is: Uterine tube ampulla Which of the following is true about the cervix Select one: a. The external os is covered with simple columnar epithelium b. Its secretion become watery at the time of ovulation c. It remains patent during pregnancy d. It is devoid of smooth muscle fibers The correct answer is: Its secretion become watery at the time of ovulation Histology of Female reproductive system III Concerning the vagina, which one, of the following statements is correct? Select one: a. Contains serous glands b. Is avascular c. Is aglandular d. Contains mucous glands The correct answer is: Is aglandular Most lipid in milk is released from cells by which mechanism Select one: a. Merocrine secretion b. Holocrine secretion c. Paracrine secretion d. Apocrine secretion The correct answer is: Apocrine secretion Concerning the mammary gland, all the following statements are correct except one, which is the false statement Select one: a. It contains myoepithelial cells b. It secretes colostrum c. It contains well developed acini in inactive state d. It is a compound tubuloalveolar gland. The correct answer is: It contains well developed acini in inactive state Colostrum contains which of the following antibodies Select one: a. IgD. b. IgA c. IgE. d. IgG The correct answer is: IgA The lining epithelium of vaginal mucosa is mostly: Select one: a. Stratified cuboidal epithelium b. Stratified squamous epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Simple squamous epithelium The correct answer is: Stratified squamous epithelium Active mammary glands have the following except Select one: a. epithelial duct cells b. Alveolar cuboidal cells c. Mammotropic cells d. Myoepithelial cells The correct answer is: Mammotropic cells The vagina has the following features except Select one: a. Longitudinal folds b. Smooth muscle c. Mucosa contains glycogen d. Adventitia The correct answer is: Longitudinal folds Lactating mammary gland is characterized by all of the following except: Select one: a. It is acompound tubuloalveolar gland b. The amount of C.T & fat relatively to the parenchyma increase markedly c. Contains stellate myoepithelial cells d. Secretes milk & clostrum The correct answer is: The amount of C.T & fat relatively to the parenchyma increase markedly Anatomy of the Pelvis The following statement concerning the pelvis is not true: Select one: a. The bonny pelvis forms a ring that protects the pelvic contents b. The sacrum is shorter, wider, and flatter in the female than in the male c. The pelvic outlet is formed by the symphysis pubis anteriorly, the ischial tuberosities laterally, the sacrotuberous ligaments laterally, and the coccyx posteriorly d. The ilium, ischium, and pubis are three separate bones that fuse to form the hip bone in the 50th year of life e. the two hip bones meet anteriorly at the symphysis pubis The correct answer is: The ilium, ischium, and pubis are three separate bones that fuse to form the hip bone in the 50th year of life The following statement concerning the muscles and fascia of the pelvis is not true: Select one: a. In the pelvis, the fascia is divided into parietal and visceral layers b. The levator ani muscle is innervated by the perineal branch of the fourth sacral nerve and from the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve c. The levator ani muscle arises from a thickening of the obturator internus fascia d. The pelvic diaphragm is strong and has no openings. e. The visceral layer of pelvic fascia forms important ligaments that help support the uterus. The correct answer is: The pelvic diaphragm is strong and has no openings. The following statement concerning the bonny pelvis is true: Select one: a. When the patient is in the standing position, the anterior superior iliac spines lie vertically with the anterior surface of the symphysis pubis b.The false pelvis lies below the pelvic inlet. c. The female acetabulum is larger than that of the male d. a wide movement is possible at the symphysis pubis e. The sacroiliac joint is a secondary cartilaginous joint The correct answer is: When the patient is in the standing position, the anterior superior iliac spines lie vertically with the anterior surface of the symphysis pubis the following artery is not a branch of the internal iliac artery Select one: a. Ovarian artery b. Superior vesical artery c. Inferior vesical artery d. Middle rectal artery The correct answer is: Ovarian artery The internal pudendal artery is a branch of Select one: a. Anterior division of internal iliac b. Posterior division of external iliac c. Anterior division of external iliac d. Posterior division of internal iliac The correct answer is: Anterior division of internal iliac The following muscle is not a part of the levator ani muscle Select one: a. Ischiococcygeus b. Iliococcygeus c. Puborectalis d. Pubococcygeus The correct answer is: Ischiococcygeus As regarding the differences between the male and female pelves Select one: a. The acetabulum is large in the female b. The obturator foramen is round in the male c. The superior pelvic aperture is rounded in the male d. The obturator foramen is oval in the male e. The pubic arch is narrow in the female The correct answer is: The obturator foramen is round in the male Preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibres which supply pelvic viscera is/are Select one: a. Hypogastric plexus b. Pelvic Splanchnic nerve (Ventral rami of S2,3,4) c. Dorsal rami of S2,3,4 d. Pudendal nerve e. Inferior mesenteric plexus The correct answer is: Pelvic Splanchnic nerve (Ventral rami of S2,3,4) Name a muscle forming the pelvic diaphragm Select one: a. Deep transverse perineal muscles b. superficial transverse perineal muscles c. Levator ani d. Sphincter urethrae The correct answer is: Levator ani The following is not a branch of the internal iliac artery: Select one: a. Inferior epigastric artery b. Internal pudendal artery c. Inferior vesical artery d. Obturator artery e. Iliolumbar artery The correct answer is: Inferior epigastric artery Anatomy of the Perineum The following structure receives no innervation from the pudendal nerve Select one: a. The skin of the penis or clitoris b. The urinary bladder c. Labia minora d. Ischiocavernosus muscles e. Urethral sphincter The correct answer is: The urinary bladder The urogenital diaphragm is not formed by the following structure Select one: a. Deep transverse perineal muscle b. Parietal pelvic fascia covering the upper surface of the sphincter urethrae muscle c. Sphincter urethrae d. Perineal membrane e. Colles fascia The correct answer is: Colles fascia The following structure/s does not occupy the male superficial perineal pouch Select one: a. Crus of penis b. Bulbospongiosus m. c. Ischiocavernosus m d. Bulbourethral glands e. Bulb of penis The correct answer is: Bulbourethral glands The following structure occupies the male superficial perineal pouch: Select one: a. seminal vesicle b. Prostate c. Bulbourethral glands d. Bulb of clitoris e. Corpus spongiosum The correct answer is: Corpus spongiosum The urogenital diaphragm is formed by Select one: a. Sphincter urethrae b. Fatty layer of superficial fascia c. Parietal pelvic fascia covering the upper surface of the levator ani m d. Bulb of penis e. Colles fascia The correct answer is: Sphincter urethrae The following structure occupies the deep perineal pou Select one: a. Ischiocavernosus m. b. Bulb of penis c. Bulbourethral gland d. Crus of penis e. Bulbospongiosus m The correct answer is: Bulbourethral gland The following structure occupies the female superficial perineal pouch Select one: a. Bulbospongiosus m. b. Uterus c. sphincter urethrae m d. Bulbourethral glands e. Bulb of penis The correct answer is: Bulbospongiosus m. The following is not a branch of the pudendal nerve Select one: a. Perineal nerve b. Dorsal nerve of the penis (or clitoris) c. Pelvic splanchnic nerve d. Inferior rectal nerve The correct answer is: Pelvic splanchnic nerve Physiology of Male reproductive system In the human testis, the protein hormone inhibin is secreted by Select one: a. Leydig cells b. Spermatogonia c. Sertoli cells d. Secondary spermatocytes e. Primary spermatocytes The correct answer is: Sertoli cells Which cells in the testis are specifically stimulated by LH to produce testosterone Select one: a. Leydig cells. b. Sertoli cells c. Spermatogonia d. Secondary spermatocytes e. Primary spermatocytes The correct answer is: Leydig cells. Male puberty is associated with all the following manifestations except: Select one: a. Receding of the scalp hair b. Narrow pelvis c. Aggressive attitude d. Thinning of the skin e. Increase muscle mass The correct answer is: Thinning of the skin Which of the following types of cells in the testis is specifically stimulated by FSH? Select one: a. Spermatogonia b. Primary spermatocytes c. Leydig cells. d. Sertoli cells e. Secondary spermatocytes The correct answer is: Sertoli cells In the human testis, testosterone is secreted by: Select one: a. Leydig cells b. Sertoli cells c. Sperms d. primary spermatocytes. e. spermatogonia. The correct answer is: Leydig cells Seminal vesicles produce Select one: a. fructose-rich fluid b. estrogen. c. testosterone d. sperm cells e. inhibin The correct answer is: fructose-rich fluid The maturation of the sperms occurs in the a. Epididymis Select one: a. prostate gland b. Epididymis c. seminiferous tubules d. Urethra e. Sertoli cells The correct answer is: Epididymis In man, Cryptorchidism is the condition when Select one: a. testes do not descent into the scrotum b. there are two testes in each scrotum c. testis enlarges in the scrotum d. testis degenerates in the scrotum The correct answer is: testes do not descent into the scrotum