The Federalist No. 10 v Brutus No. 1

U.S. Government and Politics Analytical Reading Activities Topic 1.3: Government Power and Individual Rights Source Analysis Before You Read Recall what you know about the debates between the Federalists and the Category of Comparison Proper role of government Size and power of the central government Required Document: Excerpts from The Federalist No. 10 by James Madison Paired with Required Document: Excerpts from Brutus No. 1, October 18, 1787 Related Concepts: Federalists Anti-Federalists Protect the rights of the people through a strong central government and the constitution. Protect the rights of the people by limiting the power of the central government. The government should strictly protect individual liberties. Powerful and large Weak and small ◼ Direct or Pure Democracy ◼ Republic ◼ Federalism ◼ Pluralism ◼ Balance Between Order and Individual Rights Comparison Identify similarities and GLƬHUHQFHV Source Analysis Describe the author’s claim(s), perspective, evidence, and reasoning. 3 U.S. Government and Politics Analytical Reading Activities The Federalist No. 10 As you read Federalist No. 10 through a political science lens, you will focus on the argument for why a republic is a suitable government for a large country. Pay attention to how Madison supports this claim. Political scientists focus their analysis on the defense of the Constitution by those men who constructed and then advocated for it. Consider how Madison develops an argument about how a large republic can best ensure individual rights. Consider the counter-argument he comparison. Brutus No. 1 is paired with this text. Try and predict what the arguments are in opposition to Madison’s defense of the then-new government created at the Constitutional Convention. Federalist 10 From the New York Packet. Friday, November 23, 1787. Author: James Madison To the People of the State of New York: AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a well-constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction. The friend of popular governments he contemplates their propensity to this dangerous vice. … majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other aggregate: collected 4 Academic Vocabulary of a faction in the space below the text. What danger does Madison say factions present to the rights of Madison states that a faction is a group of people who are politically common. Madison says the factions present a danger to the rights of other citizens, as they only care about their own political agendas and not the greater good. U.S. Government and Politics From this view of the subject it may be concluded that a pure democracy, assemble and administer the government in person, A common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole; a communication and concert result from the form of government itself; and there is nothing to check Hence it is that such democracies have ever been spectacles of turbulence and contention; have ever been found incompatible with personal security or the rights of property; and have in general been as short in their lives as they have been violent in their deaths. Theoretic politicians, who have by reducing mankind to a perfect equality in their political rights, they possessions, their opinions, and their passions. Analytical Reading Activities Check Your Understanding What is a “pure democracy” according to Madison? Madison states that a ÒPure democracyÓ is a society with few citizens that govern themselves. Source Analysis Highlight or underline the claim Madison makes regarding a pure democracy’s ability to handle factions. Academic Vocabulary A republic, by which I mean a government in which the scheme of cure for which we are seeking. Let us examine the points in which it varies from pure democracy, and we shall comprehend both the nature of the cure 5 Paraphrase what Madison means by a republic in the space below the text. Madison claims that a ÒrepublicÓ is a government where many different types are represented. U.S. Government and Politics Analytical Reading Activities