Memory Quiz

Barney used to live in Pittsburgh, and his telephone number started with the area code 412. Now he has moved to Baltimore, and his new telephone number has an area code of 410. Barney remembers his new area code by connecting it to the old one and just “subtracting two.” This is an example of ________ rehearsal. Elaborative What kind of of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes? Sensory Kenethia enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of _______, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system. Relearning Sharmila cannot remember what she had for breakfast last week, but she can remember the day she got married ten years ago as clearly as if it just happened. This example illustrates the _____ theory. Arousal Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells “the man with the blue shirt did it. Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________, or the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories. Suggestibility The formulation of new memories is sometimes called _________, and the process of bringing up old memories is called ________. Construction; reconstruction What is an engram? A group of neurons that serves as physical representation of a memory Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her. Doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woken up in the hospital. Elaine has _________ amnesia. Retrograde Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of __________ encoding. Semantic If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using? Amygdala Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories? Cerebellum The famous case of H.M. demonstrated _______ amnesia, a condition in which a person can remember previously encoded meteorites but cannot encode new ones. Anterograde Elaborative rehearsal involves __________. Thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in you memory You see a television commercial for a product you may want to buy, and there is a telephone number you must call to place an order. Because you don’t have anything with which to write down the number, you repeat it to yourself over and over again until you feel like you won’t forget it. This process is called _________. Rehearsal What was the overall result of Lashley’s research that sought out the engram of human memory? He found no evidence that an engram actual exists I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. Because I am actively and consciously remembering and recalling this information, it is considered __________ memory. Explicit Which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device? Using the acronym “HOMES” to remember the names of the five Great Lakes How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory? Explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall, while implicit memories are those that are not part of our consciousness From a cognitive psychology perspective, why is getting plenty of sleep the night before an exam important? It allows for consolidation of studied material in long-term memory. Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house? Hippocampus Your memory of how to ride a bicycle is probably something that your don’t actively think about while you’re riding. You just sort of “do it” without thinking of how you do it. This is an example of a(n) _________ memory. Implicit When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying an _________, because you are comparing the information in front of you to that which is already stored in your long-term memory. Recognition Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This is an example of __________. Chunking What is the main idea of levels of processing theory? If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as _______. Retrieval What is episodic memory? Information about events we have personally experienced What type of memories do we consciously try to remember, recall, and report? Explicit memories Amarah has an exam in a week, so she schedules 30 to 60 minutes each night to review her course material. She does this rather than waiting until the night before the exam so teat she can avoid a “cram session.” Amarah’s approach to studying is called _________ practice. Distributed What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time? Memory A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people yes. This may an example of _________ bias. Hindsight