Unit 3 Graded Quiz Perfect Review

SOC UNIT3 Graded Quiz Perfect Review 1. Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? d. The Industrial Revolution 2. Justin enrolls in a local community college so he can one day become an engineer. Justin is about to become a member of a: c. Utilitarian organization 3. According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, when do humans begin to think about the feelings of other people and begin to see the world through other people's eyes? c. In their teenage years 4. During the Medieval Age monks would lock themselves inside a monastery in order to devote their lives to prayer. A sociologist in the 21st century would look at this cultural phenomenon and label it: a. A total institution 5. Erik Erikson's theory explains: d. How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life 6. Mohit spent his days combing through garbage in Mumbai, India with his brothers and sisters. Sometimes he would find food, or something to sell for money. He never tried to overcome his lowerclass status because he had seen his friends try and fail. So, he accepted his fate, and tried to live life as best he could in a closed society. Mohit is an example of someone living under: c. A caste system 7. Which of the following men coined the term "positivisim," and is widely considered the father of sociology? a. Auguste Comte 1/14 8. The term "values" can be defined as: b. A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society 9. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy: d. Personality-based promotion 10. __________ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored __________. c. Karl Marx; Communism 11.In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? d. Labeling theory 12. The McDonalidization of Society refers to a. The increasing presence of the fast-food business model in common social institutions. 13. Which of the following is an example of a counterculture? c. The hippie movement of the 1960's 14. Please define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination. d. How individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure. 15. Qualitative sociology can be defined as: a. In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data. 16. A total institution can be defined as: d. An organization in which participants live a controlled lifestyle and in which 2/14 total resocialization occurs. 17. Alienation is defined by the text as: a. The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self 18. Education is important to society because: d. All of the above 19. The term "crime" can be defined as: a. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions. 20. Please place the following societies in chronological order: d. Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural 21. As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because: d. All of the above 22. Functionalist Emile Durkheim viewed society as: d. An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy 23. Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society? d. C. Wright Mills 24. __________ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make sup that society c. Structural Functionalist 25. In the early 2000's, The L Word and Queer as Folk debuted on Showtime. Both shows depicted the lives of members of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) community, thus giving viewers a 3/14 glimpse into a _________ c. Subculture 26. It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) __________ marriage. b. Endogamous 27. Weizhen Tang, recently sentenced to 6 years in prison for defrauding investors, which caused investors to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime? b. Corporate crime 28. The term "interpretive framework" can be defined as: b. A sociological research approach that seeks in-depth understanding of a topic or subject through observation or interaction; this approach is not based on hypothesis testing. 29. Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more advanced-level class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed's interaction with the school's bureaucracy is an example of: d. The hidden curriculum of schools 30. Which of the following is NOT one of Marx's four types of alienation? c. Alienation from others 31. GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure: a. The standard of living in a country. 32. The term "deviance" can be defined as: b. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether 4/14 folkways, mores, or codified law 33. Parents often socialize their children to: b. Understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow 34. Which of the following is NOT an example of a sociological hypothesis? b. The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account. 35. Emile Durkheim's much lauded study of suicide is important to the field of sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was: a. It defined the differences between sociology and psychology 36. The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as "dawn of civilization" because: a. Cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities. 37. __________ societies relied on permanent tools for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation and fertilizer. c. Agricultural 38. Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice? c. Observing study participants without their consent 39. Social control is: d. The regulation and enforcement of norms. 40. Which sociological pioneer performed an experiment in which he showed a group of participants a paper with three lines on it, all varying in length, and asked them to compare the lines? b. Solomon Asch 5/14 41. __________ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored __________. c. Karl Marx; Communism 42. Charles Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that: c. People base their images on how they think other people see them. 43. Kendra is researching the effects of vitamin C on test-taking ability. Before the exam, Kendra gives group A orange juice, and group B water. Group B is the __________. c. Control group 44. Functionalist Emile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was: a. Necessary; it challenged people's views. 45. Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mail room of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 50. What type of stratification is shown in this story? c. Intragenerational mobility 46. A paradigm can be defined as: a. Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them. 47. In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created __________. a. An innovation 6/14 48. A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by: b. GNI PPP, GDP, GNI, the PRB, and standards of living 49. Strain theory: c. Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals. 50. The term "secondary deviance" can be defined as: d. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. 51. Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? Symbolic Interactionism 52. Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? d. all 53. Sociology is defined as the: b. Systematic study of society and social interaction. 54. What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary group a. A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal. 55. What is a difference between a more and a folkway? d. Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not. 56. Solomon Asch concluded that one reason people conform to a 7/14 group is because they believe: b. The group is better informed than they are. 57. Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public's perception of World War II. This is an example of __________. d. Secondary data 58. Weber's proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to __________ while examining different social worlds. d. Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms 59. Reliability is defined by the text as: d. A measure of a study's consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced. 60. Durkheim defined __________ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society. b. Collective conscience 61. Whose work do conflict theorists rely on to help form their arguments surrounding social stratification? d. Karl Marx 62. Society and culture __________. a. Could not exist without each other 63. A class of third graders is told that the assistant principal will be visiting their class to confirm their teacher's reports of bad behavior. When the principal visits, the students behave perfectly. This is an example of __________. c. The Hawthorne Effect 8/14 1. Until 10,000 years ago, the basic structure of human society was based on __________. b. Tribes 2. A cultural universal is: b. A pattern or trait common to all societies. 3. Which of the following is an example of a learned custom? d. All of the above 4. Miguel is doing a research paper on New York City's Stone Wall riots of 1969. He visits the scene of the riots, interviews people who were there, reads the police reports of the event, and watches video footage. Miguel is conducting a(n) __________. b. Case study 5. Functionalist Emile Durkheim viewed society as: d. An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy 6. What is the dierence between a violent crime and a hate crime? d. A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. 7. An instrumental leader c. Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks. 8. The concept "reference groups" can be dened as: d. Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself. 9. In an eort to control a total institution, and to create a community of sameness, inmates are forced to strip down, be searched by police ocers, and given identical uniforms before entering prison. This is an 9/14 example of __________. b. A degradation ceremony 10. Whose study described the dierences in the way that boys and girls view morality? a. Carol Gilligan 11. Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that d. Most people only socialize with people in their same social class. 12. Verstehen is dened by the text as: c. To understand in a deep way. 13. Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism? c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying. 14. The term "meritocracy" is dened by the text as: d. A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills. 15. Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based solely on personal merit? d. Emile Durkheim 16. The term "value neutrality" is dened by the text as: a. A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results. 17. What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility? b. How much education you have 18. What makes aboriginal Canadians unique as a subordinate group in Canada? d. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants. 10/14 19. Sociologists tend to define family in terms of: a. How a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption 20. A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered __________. b. Transsexual 21. Scapegoat theory shows that __________. b. Dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems 22. A woman being married to two men would be an example of: c. polyandry 23. What intergroup relationship is represented by the "mosaic" metaphor? b. Pluralism 24. What doctrine justified legal segregation in the American South? d. Separate but equal 25. Stereotypes can be based on __________. d.all 26. Current divorce rates are __________. d. Steadily declining 27. What is the one defining feature of a minority group? c. Lack of power 28. Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? d. Blacks under apartheid in South Africa 11/14 29. __________ is/are an individual's self-conception of being male or female based on his or her association with masculine or feminine gender roles. a. Gender identity 30. Which of the following groups is not considered a visible minority in Canada? d. Aboriginal Canadians 31. True or False: Only women are affected by gender stratification F 32. What Western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex? Select one: b. Sweden 33. Compared to most Western societies, U.S. sexual attitudes are considered __________. a. Conservative 34. Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation __________. b. In early adolescence 35. Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in Canada? b. Neglect 36. To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly (i.e., in a state of balance) b. Functionalism 12/14 37. Speedy Gonzalez is an example of __________. b. Stereotyping 38. Assimilation is represented by the __________ metaphor. a. Melting pot 39. As a Caucasian in Canada, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of __________. c. White privilege 40. The terms "masculine" and "feminine" refer to a person's __________. b. Gender 41. Sociologists associate sexuality with __________ d. A person's capacity for sexual feelings 42. Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behaviour to ensure marital cohesion and family stability? a. Functionalism 43. Durkheim defined __________ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society b.Collective conscience 44.What is the importance of interpretive framework? a. It leads to in-depth knowledge of a participant's social world 45. Why Rhesus Monkeys preferred terry cloth maternal stand-ins versus the maternal stand-ins that provided food. d. How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life. 46. The term "language" can be defined as: 13/14 b.A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted Good Luck Guys!!!!! 14/14