Exam #3: Learning Module #3

Chemistry 1310 - Exam #3: Learning Module #3 or Chapters 7-10 & stoichiometry Online Exam is due by 10:00 pm on Friday November 5, 2021 You should be able to: a. Stoichiometry 1. Determine and calculate limiting reactant whether given sample mass or Molarities or Pressure/Volume. 2. Calculate the percent yield of a reaction when given the actual mass. 3. Calculate the actual mass produced when given percent yields. b. Bonding 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. c. d. e. Define valence electrons. Discuss valence electron’s role in bonding and chemical reactions. Define and distinguish between the types of intermolecular bonding. Identify the types of intramolecular bonding: covalent, polar covalent, ionic and metallic when given chemical formula of a substance. Electronegativity: a. Define electronegativity. b. Describe its trend? c. What role does it play in determining whether a bond is polar covalent? Lewis Structures: draw for compounds and polyatomic ions a. Which elements can multiple bond (i.e., double bond: C, N, O, S, & P and triple bond: C, N, O, & S)? Identify the electron pair geometry (i.e., classification/family) and molecular geometries (shapes). Know the criteria for determining whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar. a. Determine whether a compound is polar or not polar Resonance structure: What is a resonance structure and draw. Intermolecular Forces & Properties of Liquids 1. List the types of intermolecular forces in order of strength. 2. Determine the dominant intermolecular forces present when given a situation (solution making) or when given two molecules. 3. Define surface tension, viscosity & capillary action. 4. Phase diagrams: i. Know the areas and specific points (triple & critical points) ii. Know how to read data of the diagrams. 5. If given the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation can solve for pressure and or Hvap. Material Science 1. All questions asked on this content will be on the OCA#2. 2. The OCA#2 is an open notes, slide exam. Solution & Colligative Properties 1. Distinguish between solute, solvent, and solution 2. Know how to make a solution from a solid 3. Read and interpret a solubility curve to determine whether a solution is unsaturated, saturated, or super saturated. 4. Calculate molalities of a solution. 5. Convert between molality, Molarity, (w/w) %, (w/v) % & (v/v) % 6. Define the van Hoff factor. 7. Determine the vapor pressure of a solution using Raoult’s Law for a nonvolatile solute. 8. Determine the freezing point depression temperature of a solution 9. Determine the boiling point elevation temperature of a solution. 10. Compute the osmotic pressure of a solution. 11. Manipulate Henry’s Law 12. Distinguish between isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic conditions. f. Kinetics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Write a rate law. Describe the factors/conditions that influence the rate of a chemical reaction. Define rate order & identify rate order from a graph. Derive a rate law from experimental data by inspection, using algebra or graphically. Determine the units and numerical value for the rate constant, k Perform calculations with integrated rate laws Define a half-life and perform half-life calculations Perform calculations using the Arrhenius equation. Define the factors that affect rates of reactions according to the Collision Theory Describe the criteria that determines whether a mechanism is valid. Identify the types of catalysts. You will be given the formulas for: • Osmotic pressure • Henry’s Law • Clausius-Clapeyron • Integrated Rate laws for zero, first and second order reactions. • Half-life formulas for zero, first and second order reactions. • Arrhenius Equation. You will NOT be given the formulas for: • Raoult’s Law • Boiling point elevation • Moles = sample mass (g)/mol. Mass • Freezing point depression • Molarity x Volume = moles • Dilution formula: C1 x V1 = C2 x V2