Principles of Ecology

Name Date Reinforcement and Study Guide Chapter 2 Class Principles of Ecology Section 2.1 Organisms and Their Environment In your textbook, read about what ecology is and about aspects of ecological study. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage. ecology biotic factors nonliving environments atmosphere humans organisms soil biosphere abiotic factors environments in a Living organisms in our world are connected to other (1) ___________________________ ecology variety of ways. The branch of biology called (2) ___________________________ is the scientific study of environments , including relationships interactions between organisms and their (3) ___________________________ nonliving between living and (4) ___________________________ things. biosphere , the portion All living things on Earth can be found in the (5) ___________________________ atmosphere of Earth that supports life. It extends from high in the (6) ___________________________ to the bottom of the oceans. Many different environments can be found in the biosphere. All living organisms found in organisms an environment are called (7) ___________________________ . Nonliving parts of an environment are abiotic factors soil called (8) __________________________ . For example, whales, trees, and (9) _______________________ atmosphere are biotic factors. Ocean currents, temperature, and (10) _________________________ are abiotic factors. For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B. Column A d ____________ 11. A group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time Column B a. community b. competition a 12. A collection of interacting populations ____________ e 13. Interacting populations and abiotic factors ____________ in a community b ____________ 14. Increases when resources are scarce c 15. A terrestrial ecosystem ____________ c. forest d. population e. ecosystem Living Environment (Ecology Worksheet # 2) Name ________________________________ Symbiotic Relationships Correctly complete the following statements. habitat 1. The place an organism lives is called its ___________________. 2. This is a symbiotic relationship between organisms where both are helped (+,+) mutualism This relationship is called ________________. 3. This is a symbiotic relationship between organisms where one organism is helped, parasitism while the other is harmed. (+,-) This relationship is called ________________. 4. This is a symbiotic relationship between organisms where one organism is helped, while the other it is associated with is basically unaffected. (+, 0) This relationship commensalism is called __________________. In questions 6 through 8, select the term from the list below that is most closely associated with the following statement. List of terms : (1.) parasitism (2.) commensalism (3.) mutualism (4.) decomposers (5.) competition 6. The roots of a mistletoe plant absorb nutrients from living oak trees, causing some damage to the tissues of the trees. - parasitism 7. Protozoans living in the intestine of a termite secrete enzymes that digest cellulose, providing digestive end products of value to both organisms. - mutualism 8. Certain fungi use dead organic matter for food. - decomposers 9.. The relationship between fleas and a dog is most similar to the relationship between (1.) honeybees and flower (2.) orchids and a tree (3.) nitrogen-fixing bacteria and a legume (4.) athlete's food fungus and a human 10. The American dogwood, a flowering tree of New York State's woodlands, has been attacked by a fungal disease specific to this tree species. Many dogwoods have died because fungicides have not proven effective in fighting the spread of this disease. Which term best describes the relationship between the dogwood trees and the fungus? (1.) parasitism (2.) mutualism (3.) commensalism (4.) saprophytism 11 A symbiotic relationship exists between two organisms of different species. If only one organism benefits from the relationship and the other is not harmed, the relationship is known as (1.) mutualism (2.) commensalism (3.) parasitism (4.) saprophytism