University:
High School
Course:
High School Biology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

190

Pages:

2
Author:

Wesley B.

Wesley Beals Jose Guerra March 6, 2015 Period 4 PART 1 1. Fossil: The remains of an organism that have been preserved. Acquired characteristics: The change of a living organism that is not inherited. Convergent evolution: The process in which non-related organisms evolve into having similar characteristics. Gene pool: The total of gene found in a certain population. Natural selection: The process in which organisms adapt better to their environment and produce more offspring. Artificial selection: The process in which plants and animals are bred to get certain traits. Evolution: The process in which organisms are thought to have changed in early history. Abiogenesis: The form of evolution of organisms from non-living material. LUCA: It’s thought to be the first cell. Coevolution: The process in which two different species evolve together. Homologous structure: It’s when different organisms have similar bones or organs that look alike or function similarly. Analogous structure: It’s when different organisms have organs or bones that function similarly but are not from the same evolutionary origin. Species: Organisms that have the same gene pool and can reproduce with the offspring being able to reproduce too. Gradualism: The process of a gradual change, or small change, that stacks up to form major changes over time in evolution. Punctuated equilibrium: The hypothesis that rapid evolution occurs when rapid speciation happens with little to no change. Vestigial structure: A structure in an organism that lost most or all of its purpose. Endosymbiosis: The process of smaller organisms living inside of bigger organisms. Biogenesis: The hypothesis that says that living matter only can be made by living matter. Sympatric speciation: The process of making a new species without a physical barrier. Allopatric speciation: The process of making a new species by geographic separation. 2. The fossil records support the evolution theory because scientists would find certain organisms in one time period but not in the next one. 3. Embryology shows that embryos have similar body structures in different species. Anatomy shows that organisms like the bird and bat have very similar wing structures. Every living thing has the same biological make-up, according to biochemistry. 4. Lamarck thought that characteristics organisms gain throughout their life time, and if they reproduced, their characteristics would be transmitted to the offspring. Darwin thought that a mutation had to occur for evolution to occur. They both thought that organisms had common ancestors. 5. A) No mutations. B) No migration. C) Large population. D) Mating is random. E) No natural selection. These do exist in nature, sometimes. 6. Sexual reproduction and mutation contribute to forming a new species because the offspring would be different from the parents, and mutations can help better adapt to the environment.