University:
Indiana University South Bend
Course:
BIOL-L 101 | Introduction to Biological Sciences
Academic year:

2021
Views:

444

Pages:

1
Author:

Rose G

Acellular - not made up of cellsAttachment proteins - found on the outside of avirus, help the virus to attach to a host cellActive immunity long term immunity gained byexposure to an antigen e.g. infection byaBacteria microorganisms which are prokaryoticpathogen (natural) or vaccination (artificial)cellsActive transport transport across a membraneBinary fission - method by which prokaryotic cellsrequiring ATP and a carrier protein, goes against adivide to produce two daughter cellsconcentration gradientB-lymphocytes (B-cells) type of white blood cellAgglutination clumping together of pathogenswith antibodies on the outsidecaused by antibodiesCalibration curve plot of known concentrationsAIDS syndrome caused by HIV virus, immuneversus a variable (e.g. change in mass) which cansystem is compromisedbe used to estimate the value of an unknownconcentrationAlgae organisms that can be unicellular ormulticellular, cells are similar to plant cellsCancer - a tumour which invades surroundingtissueAnaphase third stage of mitosis when thecentromeres divide and the chromatids are pulledCapsid - protein coat around the edge of a virusto opposite polesCapsule - slime layer surrounding some prokaryoticAntibiotics - compounds that can kill bac terialcellsAntibodies proteins produced by plasma cellsCarrier proteins - membrane proteins involved inwhich can bind to antigensactive transport, change shape to move amolecule acrossAntigens molecules on the surface of cells thatcan trigger an immune responseCell cycle cycle that dividing cells go throughAntigen variability when genetic changes in a(mitosis, gap phase I, synthesis, gap phase 2)pathogen cause the antigens to changeCell fractionation lab technique used to separatecell componentsAntigen-antibody complex - formed when anantibody binds to a complementary antigenCell wall - strong structure outside the cell-surface membrane of some types of cellAntigen-presenting cell a cell which is presentinga pathogen's antigens on its surfaceCell-surface membrane surrounds the cytoplasmof cells, consists of mainly phospholipids andAntiviral drugs used to target viral enzymes toproteinsprevent the virus replicatingCellular response part of the immune responseAquaporins - channel proteins used for facilitateddiffusion of water through membranesinvolving T-cells and phagocytesArtefacts - produced when preparing cells forCentrioles - form the spindle fibres during mitosis