Anatomical Positions of Some Important Bones

ANATOMICAL POSITION : BONESFRONTAL BONE(i) Orbital plate look downwards.(ii) Nasal spine which is a projection from the nasal partprojects downwards and forwards.RAYPARIETAL BONE(i) Superior border which is Straight , thickly serratedand the longest lies above in the medium plane.(2) External surface which is convex faces outwards.13) Inferior border is arched and lies downdwards.(I) Antero-inferior (sphenoidal) angle, which is occure, liesdownwards and forwards.OCCIPITAL BONEHuman Marking(1) Occipital condyles face downwards.(2) Basilar part is directed forwards and upwards.TEMPORAL BONE(1) Squamus part antero -superiorly placed.(2) Perrous part directed medial ward and alittle upward.(3) Zygomatic process to be placed laterally.(4) Serrated end of the zygomabic process to bedirected anteriorly. ANATOMICAL POSITION: BONESSCAPULAI Glenoid cavity directed laterally. forwards and slightly upwards.(2) Donsal surface bearing the spine should face backwards.(3) Inferior angle looks downwards.(4) Costal surface is hollowed out and should be placed anteniorly.(5) Coracoid process should point forwards and slightly laterally.DIPANKAR RAYCLAVICLE(1) Flattend acromial end lies lactrally.(2) Enlarged . rounded Stemal end lies medially.(3) Medial third of inferior surface is grooved(4) Shaft is convex forwards in its medial B/3 and concaveforwards in its lateral 1/3.HUMERUSHuman AnarymyFor Exam(1) Head lies at upper and medial part of upper end and facesmedially, backwards and upwards.(2) Lesser tubercle projects forwards from the anterior part ofupper end.3Biopital grove or intertubercular sulens lies on the lateralside of Yesser tubercle.(4) Olecranon fossa lies downwards and posteriorly.(5) The prominent medial epicondyle lies medially.RADIUS(1) Cup-shaped rounded head should be directed upwards.(2) Converity of bone should be laterally.(3) Pointed stybid process ULNA should be kept doundoards and laterally.(1) The hook-like end should be upwards.(2) Concavity of this hook directed forwards.3The sharp, crest like border laterally.(4) The projection on the lower end is directed posteromedially. ANATOMICAL POSTTION: BONESSTERNUM(i) Supra-Sternal notch directed upwards.(ii) Xiphoid process directed downwards.(iii) The concave posterior surface of manubrium looksback-wards.DIMMWARRAYFIRST-RIB(1) Rounded small head should be posteriorly.(2) Flatteshed stemal end should be in the median plane(3) The convexity of the shaft should be forwards(4) Costal groove should be inwards.TYPICAL RIBHuman For From AnawayPlaced the bone on the plane surface.Two ends of the borre touch the surfaces, is theinferior surface.The above feature indicates forholding the typical rib in anatomical position.TYPICAL VERTEBRA(1) Spinous process project backwards.(2) Transverse process directed laterally.(3) Costal facet directed forwards.(4) Superior articular process projected upwardsand inferior articular process project downwardSACRUM(1) Promontary is directed forward and downwards(2) Its narrow blunted apex or end should be placedinferiorly.(3) The bone is placed very obliquely. ANATOMICAL POSITION : BONESHIP-BONE(i) Ilium which is expanded projects upwards(ii) Pubic faces forwards and medially above the obturatorforamen.(iii) Acetabulum cavity faces forwards, downwards and laterally.(N) Anterior superior iliac spine and pubic crest lie in the samevertical plane.RAYFEMUR(i) Head in the upper end is directed - upwands, forwards andmedially.(ii) Anterior surface of shaft which is convex, fares forwards(iii) The 2 condyles in the lower end are in the same plane(iv Linea aspera looks backwards.TIBIAHUMAN. ANATOM FOR FIXAM(i) Upper broader and lies above(ii) Anterior border is sharp and thick extending downwardsfrom tibial tuberosity looks forwards.(iii) Medial malleolous is situated on the medical side of lowerend and projects below the inferior surfaceFIBULA(i) The smaller end should be downwards.(ii) Head lies above.(iii) A Street process, collect medial malleolus on the lower endis placed medially-(iv) Medial surface of lower end has a briangular facet at isanterior part while the malleolar fossa lies below andbehind the facet.PATELLA(i) Rough anterior surface which is non-articular faces forwards.(ii) Pointed apex lies downwards.(iii) Laneral facet on posterior surface is larger and deeperthan the medial facet.