Pathophysiology, Unit II - Cardiovascular System | Kansas State University

University:
Kansas State University
Course:
BIOCH 765 | Biochemistry II
Academic year:

2014
Views:

483

Pages:

6
Author:

Jackdams

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY=UNIT-ICARDIOVESCULAR SYSTEM=# HypertensionIt is a Medical condition in which theblood pressure Carterial blood foressure) isincreased. Normally blood pressure is120/80 MNHg-Symptoms:Headache, Heaviness of chest, shortnessof breath, pain in legs or arms (it loainin arm then it goes to occuring 07 angina) ,increase urination in night, nausia, muscleweakness, indigestion.Tyloes OF Hypertension :i) Primary / Essential Hypertention :Develops over a period without anyknown / underlying cause.Both systolic & dystolic -blood pressureincrease above 140/90 MMHg.ii) secondary / Non- - Essential hyloevtension :In secondary hipertension there are certainfactor increases cardiac output, increasevasocontriction.Renal disease also responsible forsecondary or non-essential hypertension. Symptoms can be prominent & cause-thyroid disorder, tumors 07 adrenal gland,kidney problemsIt is medication by OTC drugs (sudden effect)oral contraceptive ; steroids & drugs likecoccaine, amphetamines.Risk factor:AgeThe people of age above 60+ likelyto develops hipertension.RaceBlood pressure is more COMMON inafrican people.(some disorder are poopular in particular area 07people).o> FamilyHypertension is more COMMON inpeople suffered having history 07 familyfrom HBP Chigh blood foress?> over weight & obesityThe people having extra weight likely todevelop hypertension because they havemore BMI (Body Mass Index) than normalPathophysiology of Hypertension :Hypertension is caused by increased cardiacoutput..Hypertension is not a disease 07 circulatoryin ANS Nervous systems)System It pathogenesis involves alteration #7RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin - Aldosterone System) :- It increases Sodium and water levelwhich causes increase vasocontrictionAs a result there is increased pheriytotal periferal resistance.they inc. flow rate 07 blood.Aldosteronadd withkidneyReninAngiotensin(Achenal cortex)Angiotensin-Iconvertingenzyme(ACE)AngiotensinIITedH2O & saltretentionBloodTPR coronary - Artery Disease (CAD) -It affects the arteries carrying blood tocircu coronary circulation.circulation of blood in the bloodvessels that supply to heartMuscle.ii> Carotid artery - Disease : ECADYIt affects the arteries carrying blood tobrain. The continuous decrease bloodsupply to brain May cause brain stroke iii) Peripheral Artery Disease - (PAD) :They affect the arteries carrying blood toleg's, arms & pelvis.It May cause numerous pain or some criticalillness.Risk factor / causes :Increase in LDL (bad choles trol) levelDecrease in HDL (Good cholestrol) levelsmookingobesityFamily history of heart diseaseunhealthy eatingobesityPathophysiology of Atherosclerosis - :- -ArteryAccumulation 07 LDL (low density (i/ooprotein) causeplaque build upArteries contains less oxygen which indicatesAtherosclerosisLDL cause several changesRos activation & cause weak/dange membraneaC Reactive oxygen species)WBC & other defense mechanism activate & repairdamagedtissuebut process 07 cell repair failsInflaMMation causes hand mass covering whichnarrow wall 07 At Arteryfinally there is repture 07 artey which causeclotManagement :proper dietmedication (like Asprin in low dose. warfarmHeparin).

Pathophysiology, Unit II - Cardiovascular System

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