University:
Kentucky State University
Course:
BIO 301 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

299

Pages:

27
Author:

Nossardisd7p

First practical session 2019 Bones of the gluteal region The pelvic girdle The hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints posteriorly while anteriorly they articulate with one another at the symphysis pubis sacroiliac joints hip bone sacrum symphysis pubis femur The 2 hip bones with the sacrum form the pelvis Now look! where does the pelvis look? It is looking right at you! Never upwards sacroiliac joints hip bone sacrum symphysis pubis femur During your first practical session, make sure to have a look at the anatomical position of the pelvis The Hip bone The ilium The hip bone is made of: 1 The ilium: superior in position 2 The ischium:postero-inferior in position 3 The pubis: antero-inferior in position However!!!!!!! The ischium The ilium , ischium and pubis meet one another by means of triradiate (Y-shaped) cartilage at the Acetabulum. While the inferior ramus of the pubis meets with the ramus of the ischium by cartilaginous union Ossifies near the age of 7 years at puberty the triradiate cartilage starts to ossify and near the age of 17 the triradiate cartilage will be replaced by bony union All three bones are connected to each other by triradiate cartilage Anteroposterior radiograph of the pelvis of a boy aged 7. Read only 1. Ilium. 2. Part of triradiate growth cartilage. 3. Superior femoral epiphysis. 4. Cartilaginous growth plates. 5. Ossifying greater trochanter.6. Ischium. 7. Pubis. 8. Cartilage between pubic and ischial rami. Two parts: 1-Ala 2- Body 1-The Ilium Three surfaces 1 gluteal surface 2 iliac fossa 3 sacropelvic surface Posterior border Begins at the posterior superior iliac spine (P.S.I.S) And ends at the posterior inferior iliac spine (P.I.I.S) Superior border Is made by the iliac crest Anterior border Begins at the anterior superior iliac spine (A.S.I.S) and ends at the anterior Inferior iliac spine (A.I.I.S) the anterior superior spine of the ilium is easily felt and may be visible in the thin subject The gluteal surface is divided into 4 parts by three lines: 1- Posterior gluteal line 2- Middle gluteal line Or anterior 3- Inferior gluteal line MAKE SURE you know the names of the muscles that are attached to the areas between these lines Which muscle is attached to the area between The inferior and middle gluteal lines? Pubic bone Formed of a body and two rami: superior and inferior The body is flattened and has: 1- an upper border called pubic crest that ends laterally by the pubic tubercle 2- symphyseal surface which articulates with the opposite pubis to form the pubic symphysis The inferior ramus of the pubic bone joins the ischial ramus to form the conjoined tendon. The superior pubic ramus has a pectineal line on its medial surface Pectineal line The ischium Body Ischial ramus Greater sciatic notch Ischial spine lesser sciatic notch Ischial tuberosity The lower triangular part is divided by a longitudinal ridge into: 1-lateral part that gives attachment to the adductor part of the adductor magnus muscle 2-medial part ( subcutaneous part) Ischial tuberosity Divided by a transverse ridge into: An upper quadrangular and a lower triangular parts The upper quadrangular part is divided by an oblique ridge into: 1 Upper lateral part for the attachment of semimembranousus 2 lower Medial for the attachment of semitendinosus andlong head of biceps The Acetabulum Ilium forms the superior 2/5 of the lunate surface anterior It is a C-shaped cavity located on the lateral aspect of the hip bone It is notched inferiorly by the acetabular notch which is bridged by the transverse acetabular ligament ( part of the acetabular labrum) The ischium forms the posterior 2/5 Of the lunate surface The acetabular ligament converts the acetabular notch into foramen Its cavity presents a horse-shoe shaped articular surface called Lunate surface  The Lunate surface surrounds a non articular depression called acetabular fossa which is occupied by fat tissue in living The pubis forms the anterior 1/5 of the lunate surface OBTURATOR foramen Covered by a membrane in living subjects The Hip bone Anatomical position of the hip bone It is very important to understand the anatomical position of the hip bone, in anatomical position: 1-The Anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle lie in the same vertical plane. 2-The ischial spine and the upper border of the symphysis pubis lie in the same horizontal plane. It means that the pelvis is looking forward in the anatomical position ligaments in the gluteal region 1- SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT 2- SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT Attachment of the inguinal ligament Bones the thigh fovea capitis Left femur (anterior view) head of femur greater trochanter Long bone ? neck intertrochanteric line Upper end Lesser trochanter Lower end And a shaft Shaft or body Adductor tubercle Medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle lateral condyle Medial condyle Pattelar surface Distal end of femur: articular surface. The greater trochanter of the femur lies a hand’s breadth below the iliac crest; it is best palpated with the hip abducted so that the overlying hip abductors (tensor fasciae latae and gluteus medius and minimus) are relaxed. important L ef t f e m u r ( p o s t e r i o r v i e w ) greater trochanter intertrochanteric creast Lesser trochanter Gluteal tuberosity Spiral line Medial lip of linea aspera lateral lip of linea aspera linea aspera medial surface lateral surface medial supracondylar line lateral supracondylar line Adductor tubercle medial condyle lateral condyle Intercondylar notch

Bones of the Gluteal Region

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