University:
MacEwan University
Course:
HLSC 120 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

377

Pages:

2
Author:

Arthur M.

B. Repair of Bone Fractures 1) CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTURES • Position Nondisplacecl: bone ends retain normal position Displaced bone ends out of normal alignment *Completeness Complete: broken all the way through Incomplete: not broken all the way through *Orientation (length) -Linear: breaks parallel to long bone Transverse: breaks perpindicular •Penetration -Open (Compound): bone penetrates skin -Closed (Simple): bone cloesn't penetrate skin •Other Types -Comminuted bone fragments in 3+ pieces. -Compression: bone is crushed -Depressed: broken portion pressed inward -Greenstick one side breaks, other bends. -Spirali bone excessively twisted Epiphysealt epipnysis breaks from diap., along epip. line 2) PHASES OF FRACTURE REPAIR 1 . Hematoma Formation •Mass of clotted blood (hemostoma) forms at fracture site. Site becomes swollen, painful, inflamed 2. Fibrocartilage (callus) Formation Granulation tissue (soft callus) forms few days after • Capillaries grow into tissue and phagocytic cells. begin cleaning debris. Fibroblasts secrete collagen fibers and chondroblasts secrete cartilage matrix • Osteoblasts begin forming spongy bone • A bulging external callus of cartilaginous matrix is formed that later calcifies. • The fibrocartilagenous callus formed temporarily. splints bone 3. Bony Callus Formation New spongy bone appears, forming bony callus Bony callus formation continues until firm union. is formed about 2 months later 4. Bone Remodeling *Excess material from bony callus removed. •Compact bone is laid down to reconstruct shaft walls