University:
MacEwan University
Course:
HLSC 120 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

392

Pages:

2
Author:

Arthur M.

II. Bones of the Skeleton A. Functions of Bones Support Protection Movement (anchorage): bones are levers Mineral & Growth Factor Storage esp. caloium /phosphorus Blood Cell Formation Hematopoiasis/Red Bone Marrow Triglyceride (Fat) Storage: Fat (yellow bone marrow) Hormone Production: esteacaicin/insulin feedback loop B. Bone Structure 1) •Compact Bone: dense outer layer/shafts of long bone. "Spongy Bone: honeycomb of trabeculae filled w/ red bone marr. 2) Periosteum: dbl. layered outer protective membrane Louter fibrous layer is danse ire connective tissue Linner osteogenis layer composed mostly of osteogenstic cells which give rise to other bone cells Le richly suppiled w/ nerve fibers, blood, lymphatic vessels Endosteum delecate covering on all internal surfaces bone Lohas osteogenic cells. C. Chemical Composition of Bone ORGANIC COMPONENTS •Osteocytes mature bone cells osteoblast bone-forming cells. osteoclasts: large cells that reabsorb or break down bone matrix Osteoid: unmineralized bone matrix composed of: proteoglycans 4 glycoproteins collagen 2) INORGANIC COMPONENTS hydroxyapatites: mineral salts Lo 65% of bone by mass Ls mainly calcium phosphates responsible for bone hardness (resistance) Le mineral reservoir