Computer Architecture Fundamentals and Moore's Law

1. Which of the following is an architectural attribute of a computer system? A) Memory technology used B) Control signals C) Instruction set D) Interfaces between the CPU and peripherals Answer: C 2. The distinction between architecture and organization can be best described by which of the following examples? A) The type of memory used for storing data B) Whether a system has a multiply instruction C) The specific control signals used by the CPU D) How frequently the add unit is used for calculations Answer: B Slide 5: Moore's Law 3. What is the significance of Moore's Law in computer architecture? A) It predicts the continuous shrinking of the transistor size in microchips. B) It sets a limit on how fast a processor can perform operations. C) It describes the relationship between voltage and frequency in CPUs. D) It outlines how many registers a CPU can contain. Answer: A 4. What did Gordon Moore originally predict in 1965 about transistor count? A) Transistors would quadruple every year. B) The number of transistors would halve every 18 months. C) The number of transistors per square inch would double every year. D) Microprocessor costs would decrease annually. Answer: C Slide 6: SET Transistors 5. What quantum phenomenon is the basis for the operation of SET transistors? A) The photoelectric effect B) The tunnel effect C) Quantum entanglement D) Wave-particle duality Answer: B 6. Who demonstrated the first single-electron tunneling device? A) Gordon Moore B) Dmitri Averin and Konstantin Likharev C) Theodore Fulton and Gerald Dolan D) Alan Turing Answer: C Slide 7: Intel x86 Architecture 7. Which of the following best describes the Intel x86 architecture? A) A Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture B) A hybrid architecture with both RISC and CISC features C) A purely multicore processor design D) An embedded processor architecture used primarily in mobile devices Answer: B 8. What feature of the x86 architecture is essential to its evolution over time? A) It only supports single-core designs. B) It incorporates superscalar and multicore design principles. C) It operates solely on 8-bit data buses. D) It uses single-level caches for faster computation. Answer: B Slide 8: ARM Embedded Architecture 9. Which of the following best describes the ARM architecture? A) It is widely used in high-performance desktop systems. B) It is based on a Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) design. C) It is a RISC architecture commonly used in embedded systems. D) It is a hybrid architecture optimized for quantum computing. Answer: C 10. What design principle does the ARM architecture utilize? A) It relies heavily on multicore design principles. B) It uses the Harvard architecture exclusively. C) It minimizes the number of instructions to increase efficiency. D) It employs the use of both scalar and vector processors. Answer: C Slide 9: Structure and Function 11. Which of the following is NOT a basic computer function? A) Data storage B) Data movement C) User input handling D) Control Answer: C 12. Which component of a computer is responsible for communication between the CPU, memory, and I/O? A) ALU B) Registers C) System bus D) Control unit Answer: C Slide 11: CPU Structural Components 13. What is the role of the Control Unit in the CPU? A) It performs arithmetic operations. B) It controls the operation of the CPU and manages the execution of instructions. C) It provides storage internal to the CPU. D) It handles the communication between the CPU and external devices. Answer: B 14. Which component of the CPU is responsible for performing data processing functions such as arithmetic operations? A) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) B) Registers C) Control Unit D) System Interconnection Answer: A 15. Which of the following is an example of an organizational attribute? A) Number of bits used to represent data types B) Instruction set architecture C) Control signals used within the CPU D) Input/Output (I/O) mechanisms Answer: C 16. What type of architecture focuses on how the hardware is connected and operates to realize architectural specifications? A) Instruction set architecture B) Computer organization C) Microarchitecture D) System architecture Answer: B Slide 5: Moore’s Law (Continued) 17. Which of the following factors did Gordon Moore revise in 1975 about his original law? A) The number of transistors would halve every 18 months. B) The prediction interval was changed from 1 year to 2 years for the doubling of transistor count. C) The rate of transistor doubling would remain constant indefinitely. D) The power consumption of processors would decrease as transistor count doubled. Answer: B