The Muscular System Worksheet

6 THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM Muscles, the specialized tissues that facilitate body movement, make up about 40% of body weight. Most body muscle is the voluntary type, called skeletal muscle because it is attached to the bony skeleton. Skeletal muscle contributes to body contours and shape, and it composes the organ system called the mus cular system. These muscles allow you to grin, frown, run, swim, shake hands, swing a hammer, and to otherwise manipulate your environment. The balance of body muscle consists of smooth and cardiac muscles, which form the bulk of the walls of hollow organs and the heart. Smooth and cardiac muscles are involved in the transport of materials within the body. Study activities in this chapter deal with microscopic and gross structure of muscle, identification of voluntary muscles, body movements, and important understandings of muscle physiology. OVERVIEW OF MUSCLE TISSUES 1. Nine characteristics of muscle tissue are listed below and on page 104. Identify the muscle tissue type described by choosing the correct response(s) from the key choices. Enter the appropriate term(s) or letter(s) of the key choice in the answer blank. Key Choices A. Cardiac B. Smooth C. Skeletal Carelicac A,B Smooth 1. Involuntary AC Carcliac Skeletal 2. Banded appearance B Smooth 3. Longitudinally and circularly arranged layers C Steleton 4. Dense connective tissue packaging A Cardiac 5. Figure eight packaging of the cells A cardiac 6. Coordinated activity to act as a pump 103 104 Anatomy & Physiology Coloring Workbook Cseletal 7. Moves bones and the facial skin C suulal 8. Referred to as the muscular system C-sulutal 9. Voluntary 2. Identify the type of muscle in each of the illustrations in Figure 6-1. Color the diagrams as you wish. A Smroth Intercalated discs. B Cardiac Figure 6-1 3. Regarding the functions of muscle tissues, circle the term in each of the groupings that does not belong with the other terms. 1. Urine Foodstuffs 2. Heart Cardiac muscle 3. Excitability Response to a stimulus 4. Ability to shorten Contractility 5. Maintains posture Movement Bones Blood pump Contractility Pulls on bones Promotes growth Smooth muscle Promotes labor during birth Action potential Stretchability Generates heat MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE 4. First, identify the structures in Column B by matching them with the descrip-tions in Column A. Enter the correct letters (or terms if desired) in the answer blanks. Then, select a different color for each of the terms in Column B that has a color-coding circle and color in the structures on Figure 6-2. Column A e-perimysiumi. Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle B-Epimysium 2. Connective tissue ensheathing the entire muscle I-Sarcomere 3. Contractile unit of muscle D-Fiber 4. A muscle cell A-Endomysorn 5. Thin connective tissue investing each muscle cell H-Sarcovemm 6. Plasma membrane of the muscle cell F. myofibri 7. A long, filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded appearance E-Myofilament K-Tendon 8. Actin-or myosin-containing structure 9. Cordlike extension of connective tissue beyond the muscle, serving to attach it to the bone e-fascicle 10. A discrete bundle of muscle cells Figure 6-2 Tendon Column B A. Endomysium B. Epimysium C. Fascicle D. Fiber E. Myofilament Actin or mapsin F. Myofibril G. Perimysium H. Sarcolemma I. Sarcomere 1. Sarcoplasm (Cytoplasm) K. Tendon Epppmysium Perimysium Endomysium Fiber mypfibril Sarcolemme Fasicle Sarcomere