Tools of Blood Circulation

Like case on mammals Which other, heart man is at in in chest cavity And wrapped by two ply membrane pericardium . In between second that layer there is fluid Which works For prevent friction surface outside the heart with organs other Because motion heart Which continously as a pump blood. Heart man consists from four room Which each relate with vessels blood. On porch left there is four estuary vessels pulmonary vein Which flow blood from lungs, whereas on porch right is there two estuary vessels vein cava superior Which flow blood from the lower body. Meanwhile, the left ventricle is connected to one artery big (aorta) Which its branches flow blood to all over part body. Room right relate with arteries pulmonary Which flow blood to lungs . with room right guarded by valve valvate three tricuspids . Valves the strengthened by fibers corda tendinae , so the valve only can open to direction room. Valves other is valve semilunar ones shaped month sickle, that is valve between room left with aorta, as well as intermediate valve room right with arteries pulmonary. Wall heart consists from muscles heart (myocardium) Which have the ability contract so that make heart can throbbing lifetime live and Of course need energy. For That, substances food And oxygen must be provided continuously. This is done through special blood vessels muscles heart just, that is arteries coronaria Which branching to all parts heart. If vessels pulse Which is branching from aorta it's clogged or narrowed so Work muscle heart will disturbed or even stopped, state This called infra myocardium Which can cause death sudden. Picture 1. Room heart And the parts . Picture 2. Scheme diastole And systole on heart. Tools of Blood Circulation 1. Heart Spaces heart adjacent left limited by bulkhead separator (septum) towards spaces adjacent right, but bulkhead separator between porch right with left porch on fetus Still there is hole Which called foramen ovale And will covered with itself not enough more 10 day after birth. Between porch left with a room left guarded by valve valvate two Which called valve bicuspid or mital valve , between porch right Ability heart For throbbing triggered by something network certain which is called node sinoatrial (node S) on wall on porch right. Impulse caused _ node S.A spread to all over muscle porch so that muscles the atrium contracts Which cause blood from porch enter to room. Meanwhile, impulses from the S–A node slowly reach the atrioventicular node (node A–V) Which located in part lower bulkhead porch. Then continue through file His Which branching two, One branch going to muscle room left and branch Which other going to muscle room right. Each branch it forms twigs to all over muscle room. Impulse the cause muscle- muscle room contract, incident This called systole so that pressure in in room increases And blood urge to all direction. Urge to direction porch cause _ valve tricuspid close, whereas insistence from room left to aorta And from the room right to arteries pulmonary cause valves semilunar open. When blood go out from room left pass valve semilunar in in aorta still there is part blood Which Not yet streamed, so that pressure blood in in the aorta increase And pressure This named pressure systole Which in circumstances normal size ± 120 Hg. After emptying room, muscles room experience relaxation or normal also called diastole , pressure in in room moment That more low rather than pressure in in aorta so that blood from aorta urge return to heart which resulted valve semilunar close. If blood in in aorta part has been streamed to various arteries so the pressure will decrease until 80 mmm Hg on circumstances normal And called as pressure diastole . During heart experience diastole, blood from vein pulmonary enter to in the foyer left And blood from vein cava enter porch right Which next are the muscles porch will contract Again after obtain impulse from node S.A. From description in on be clear that during One pulse heart happen pressure changes blood to wall aorta, on person mature in circumstances normal pressure Which highest, that is pressure systole big not enough more 120 mmm Hg. Blood pressure This can be measured with tensimeter or sphygmomanometer And the result normal written down systole/diastole = 120/80 mmm Hg. Blood pressure generally tends to increase with age, people mature said pressurized blood tall (hypertension) if the systole/diastole exceeds 160/100 mmm Hg . A number of factor Which influence big blood pressure between other strength contraction muscles room, volume blood whole, and elasticity wall arteries. Time Which needed muscles heart during systole in circumstances less rest more 0.27 second And diastole 0.53 second so that One time pulse heart needs approximately 0.80 second. It means, frequency pulse heart in resting state not enough more 70 until 75 time per minute. Frequency pulse heart this is controlled by nerve sympathetic And nerve parasympathetic. 2. Blood Vessels Pictures 3. Various of blood flow Entire vessels blood Which flow blood from heart called arteries for vessels pulse . The diameter varies start from Which most big, that is aorta ± 20 mmm until to branches Which most small, that is arterioles ± 0.2 mmm. Arterial walls Which nature elastic (springy) And capable contract This, consists from endothelial tissue Which coating surface in arteries. Hoarding compounds fat on wall arteries cause narrowing vessels And disappearance wall elasticity arteries, circumstances This called atherosclerosis. The fine branches of arterioles that are distributed throughout the body's tissues are capillaries , the diameter not enough more 7 microns (1 micron – 0.001 mm) so only One per One cell blood which can go through it. Capillary walls arranged from ply cell endothelium Which possible exchange substances _ between blood And fluid network _ diffusion. Blood from capillary collected return to in veins small Which called venules with diameter ± 0.2 mmm. Furthermore, blood enter to in vein or vessels come back Which the diameter more big And will flow blood to heart. The largest veins are the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in diameter not enough more 20 mmm. Like case arteries, wall vein Also composed of three types of tissue, but the muscle tissue is thin so that the overall wall vein more thin And not enough springy compared to with wall arteries. Influence contraction heart to Genre blood vein very small so it flows in in vein more Lots caused by contraction muscles in its surroundings helped by valves deterrent current come back in throughout vessels. Valves _ Which No can close with perfect And weak wall vessels can cause widening vessels vein or known with designation the varicose veins can happen in foot part lower or in around rectum Which called hemorrhoids .