Pathophysiology Prep U Questions - Test 3

Prep U Quizzes: Chapter 38 Questions: 1. An ultrasound of a client with intermittent pain reveals gallbladder sludge. Which client history items are likely factors in the ultrasound result? Select all that apply. - Had lap band surgery 2 years ago and lost 100 pounds - Current prescription for a medicine to lower cholesterol - Recent pregnancy with a 6-month-old child at home 2. The nurse is caring for a female client with cholelithiasis. When teaching the client about the disease, the nurse includes which of these points? - "Gallstones have developed, which are typically composed of cholesterol." 3. A client newly diagnosed with pancreatic cancer is admitted to begin treatment. Which pain descriptors can be associated with adenocarcinomas of the pancreas? - Dull epigastric pain accompanied by back pain, worse when lying flat and relieved by sitting forward 4. The nurse is teaching about prevention of hepatitis A. Which group does the nurse suggest will benefit from this vaccine? - people who live in or travel to areas with high rates of hepatitis A infections 5. The nurse is caring for the client with hepatocellular carcinoma. What does the nurse recognize is a cause of this disease? - illness with hepatitis B or C 6. When caring for the client with acute pancreatitis, which alterations does the nurse recognize is consistent with the disease? - Hyperglycemia 7. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results of a client who has liver failure. Which finding would place the client at increased risk for bleeding? - Increased prothrombin time 8. Antibody testing has confirmed that a client is positive for hepatitis A virus (HAV). Which statement does the nurse apply as evidence that the client understands the new diagnosis? - "I don't know why I didn't bother to get vaccinated against this." 9. A client has begun to display manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy. The family is concerned and asks the nurse what caused this condition to develop. Which is the best response by the nurse? - Accumulation of ammonia in the blood 10. A client has been diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver disease. He admits to the nurse, “I know what the lungs do, and I know what the heart does, but honestly, I have no idea what the liver does in the body.” The nurse should tell the client that the liver: - metabolizes most components of food and also cleans the blood of bacteria and drugs 11. A 24-year-old woman undergoing a screening test is found to have elevated levels of AST, ALT, and IgG, but no antibodyspecific markers for viral hepatitis. A liver biopsy reveals inflammation and cellular damage. Which treatment is most likely to be effective for her? - Corticosteroids and immunosuppressant drugs 12. A client with multiple pain-related injuries to the back, knees, and hips is admitted with acute liver failure. Upon procuring a medication list, the nurse notes that the client is taking several over-the-counter medications that contain a preparation known to be the drug that most commonly causes liver failure. Which drug is this? - Acetaminophen 13. When caring for a client with primary biliary cirrhosis, which of these statements by the nurse will best teach the client about the cause of this problem? - There is autoimmune destruction of the bile ducts 14. The nurse is caring for a client with advanced liver disease who has ascites. Which treatment will the nurse anticipate being used for the daily management of ascites? - diuretics 15. The liver has many jobs. One of the most important functions of the liver is to cleanse the portal blood of old and defective blood cells, bacteria in the bloodstream, and any foreign material. Which cells in the liver are capable of removing bacteria and foreign material from the portal blood? - Kupffer cells 16. A client is prescribed erythromycin for an infection. What manifestations will the nurse recognize that indicate the onset of drug-induced cholestasis? - Jaundice and pruritus 17. A client with a history of cancer that metastasized to the liver has arrived at the outpatient clinic to have a paracentesis performed. The physician anticipates that the client will have more than 5 L of fluid removed. The physician has prescribed intravenous albumin following the procedure. The client asks why she needs "more fluids in my vein." The nurse responds: - Albumin is a volume expander. Since a lot of fluid was removed, you have a decrease in your vascular volume, so without this albumin, your kidneys will try to reabsorb and hold onto water. 18. The nurse is caring for a client who is a carrier of hepatitis B. Which of these does the nurse teach the family? - Your loved one may not look ill, but the virus is present in his blood." 19. When assessing a client with acute cholecystitis, the nurse anticipates the client's report of pain will be consistent with which description? - Pain in the right upper quadrant referred to the same shoulder 20. When caring for the client with hepatic failure, the nurse recognizes that which problem places the client at increased risk for bleeding? - increased prothrombin time 21. When caring for the client with portal hypertension and ascites, which dietary intervention does the nurse suggest to prevent the progression of fluid accumulation? - Limit intake of sodium. 22. The nurse is caring for a client with right upper quadrant pain secondary to acute choledocholithiasis. If the common bile duct becomes obstructed, which manifestation will the nurse expect? - Hyperbilirubinemia 23. When caring for the client with pancreatic cancer, for which of these signs and symptoms does the nurse assess? - Central abdominal pain, jaundice, and weight loss 24. Which individual likely faces the highest risk of developing chronic pancreatitis? - A woman who has 6 to 8 alcoholic beverages each evening 25. The client has right upper quadrant pain caused by acute choledocholithiasis. The health care provider suspects the common bile duct is obstructed, based on which flowing lab value? - Bilirubin 15 mg/dL (256.56 µmol/L) (high) 26. The health care provider has completed the assessment on a client with jaundice. The provider determines that which pathophysiologic abnormality could cause the jaundice? - Impaired uptake of bilirubin by the liver 27. A client has been diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver disease. He admits to the nurse, “I know what the lungs do, and I know what the heart does, but honestly, I have no idea what the liver does in the body.” The nurse should tell the client that the liver: - metabolizes most components of food and also cleans the blood of bacteria and drugs.