University:
Princeton University
Course:
PHY 103 | General Physics I
Academic year:

2014
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255

Pages:

4
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customer-8542612

Elastic & Inelastic Collisions – Practice Set Section 1 For each situation, determine whether it is elastic or inelastic and explain how you know. 1. Two identical billiard balls collide head-on and bounce apart with the same speeds they had before. Elastic collision. Speeds are the same. 2. A moving lump of clay hits another lump of clay and they stick together afterward. Inelastic collision. Objects stick together. 3. A rubber ball bounces off a wall and comes back with nearly the same speed it had before hitting. Elastic collision. Speed is nearly same. 4. Two cars collide and crumple together, moving as one mass afterward. inelastic collision. Cars stick together. 5. A steel ball bearing strikes another of equal mass, transferring nearly all its speed to the second ball. Elastic collision. Speed transfers completely. Section 2 For each, first identify whether the collision is elastic or inelastic, and then solve for the unknown final velocity (magnitude and direction) of one or both objects. 6. A 0.5 kg cart moves right at 10 m/s and a 1.5 kg cart moves left at 2.0 m/s. After the interaction, the 0.5 kg cart moves left at 1.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this? Inelastic → Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the 1.5 kg cart. 1.67 m/s right. 7. A 2.0 kg cart moves right at 3.0 m/s and collides with a 1.0 kg cart at rest. Afterward, the 2.0 kg cart moves right at 1.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this?Inelastic → Find the final velocity of the 1.0 kg cart. 4.0 m/s right. 8. A 1.2 kg cart moving right at 4.0 m/s collides with a 0.8 kg cart moving left at 2.0 m/s. After the collision, the 1.2 kg cart moves left at 1.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this? explosive → Find the final velocity of the 0.8 kg cart. 5.5 m/s to the righ 9. A 1.0 kg ball moving right at 6.0 m/s collides with a 2.0 kg ball at rest. The two stick together after impact. → What type of collision is this?inelastic → Find their combined velocity.2.0 m/s to the right 10.A 0.4 kg puck moving right at 5.0 m/s collides with a stationary 0.2 kg puck. After the collision, the 0.4 kg puck moves right at 2.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this?inelastic → Find the final velocity of the 0.2 kg puck.6.0 m/s to the right 11.A 3.0 kg cart moving left at 2.0 m/s collides with a 1.0 kg cart moving right at 6.0 m/s. Afterward, the 1.0 kg cart moves left at 2.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this?inelastic → Find the final velocity of the 3.0 kg cart. 0.67 m/s to the right 12.A 2.5 kg cart moving right at 4.0 m/s collides with a 2.5 kg cart at rest. After the collision, the first cart stops. → What type of collision is this?elastic → Find the final velocity of the second cart.4.0 m/s to the right 13.A 0.6 kg ball moving right at 8.0 m/s collides with a 0.3 kg ball moving left at 2.0 m/s. Afterward, the 0.6 kg ball moves left at 1.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this?explosive → Find the final velocity of the 0.3 kg ball. 16 m/s to the right 14.A 1.5 kg cart moving right at 3.0 m/s collides with a 1.0 kg cart moving left at 1.0 m/s. After the collision, the two stick together. → What type of collision is this?inelastic → Find their shared velocity after impact.1.4 m/s to the right 15.A 1.0 kg puck moving left at 2.0 m/s collides elastically with a 2.0 kg puck moving right at 1.0 m/s. → What type of collision is this?elastic → Find both final velocities.2.0 m/s to right and 1.0 m/s to left Section 3 In each case, calculate how much momentum was lost due to friction. 16.A 2.0 kg cart moving at 5.0 m/s collides with a 1.0 kg cart moving in the same direction at 2.0 m/s. After the collision, both move together at 3.0 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 3.0kg * m/s 17.A 0.8 kg cart moving at 6.0 m/s collides with a 0.4 kg cart at rest. After the collision, the two stick together and move at 3.5 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 0.6 k/g * m/s 18.A 900 kg car moving at 20 m/s collides with a 1200 kg truck moving at 10 m/s in the same direction. After the collision, they lock together and move at 14 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 600 k/g * m/s 19.A 5.0 kg cart moving at 4.0 m/s collides with a 2.0 kg cart at rest. After the collision, both move together at 2.5 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 2.5 k/g * m/s 20.A 0.6 kg ball moving right at 8.0 m/s collides with a 0.3 kg ball moving right at 2.0 m/s. After the collision, they move together at 5.0 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 0.9 kg * m/s 21.A 3.0 kg cart moving right at 3.0 m/s collides with a 1.0 kg cart at rest. After the collision, both move together at 2.0 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 1.0 kg * m/s 22.A 1.0 kg ball moving right at 5.0 m/s collides with a 2.0 kg ball moving right at 2.0 m/s. After the collision, both move together at 2.8 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 0.6 kg * m/s 23.A 1.2 kg cart moving right at 3.0 m/s collides with a 0.8 kg cart moving right at 1.0 m/s. After the collision, the two stick together and move at 2.2 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 0 kg * m/s 24.A 2.5 kg object moving right at 6.0 m/s collides with a 1.0 kg object moving right at 2.0 m/s. After the collision, they stick together and move at 4.5 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 1.25 kg * m/s 25.A 10 kg sled moving at 5.0 m/s collides with a 5.0 kg sled at rest. After the collision, both sleds move together at 3.0 m/s. → How much total momentum was lost? 5.0 kg * m/s