University:
Sam Houston State University
Course:
BIOL 2413 | General Zoology
Academic year:

2020
Views:

264

Pages:

15
Author:

StellarStrategist

Detecting Unhealthy Animals What is “Disease”? • Disease is any deviation from the normal health of an animal. Why is it important to keep animals healthy? • Unhealthy animals cost money!! • Millions of dollars are spent every year on keeping animals healthy. • PROFITABILITY!! What are some causes of disease?  Germs: bacteria, viruses, protozoa  Parasites: worms, insects – Infestations: external parasites – Infectious: internal disease  Injury: handling, facilities  Inherited Genes  Poor Nutrition: easiest to correct – toxic materials in plants, nitrogen content – chemicals for insect control How do we detect unhealthy animals? Visual Signs – – – – – Body posture Off feed and water Isolated Sounds Trauma Non-visual signs – – – – – – Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood types and counts Mucous membranes Tissue cultures Vital Signs  Temperature-internal temperature of the animal taken with a thermometer  Pulse – The heart rate of the animal, taken by pressing on the blood vessel.  Respiration – the rise and fall of the body cavity, or breaths per minute. Normal Temperature, Pulse and Respiration (3052) Continued • Temperatures Among Different Animals – – – – – – – Cat Cattle Dog Horse Pig Rabbit Sheep 101.5 Degrees 101.5 Degrees 102 Degrees 100.5 Degrees 102 Degrees 102.5 Degrees 103 Degrees Normal Temperature, Pulse and Respiration Continued • Pulse – Regular throbbing caused in the arteries by the contractions of the heart – When taking a pulse, count for 15 seconds and then multiply by four to get a full minute reading – Ways to take human and some animal pulses include using: stethoscope, by hand on wrist or neck which contains a major artery Normal Temperature, Pulse and Respiration Continued • Heart Rates Among Different Animals – – – – – – – – Cat Cow Dog Horse Human Sheep Mouse Elephant 120 Degrees 102 Degrees 110 Degrees 40 Degrees 70 Degrees 75 Degrees 534 Degrees 35 Degrees Normal Temperature, Pulse and Respiration Continued • Respiration – The placing of air or dissolved gases in intimate contact with the circulating medium of a multicellular organism – Stethoscope is the best way to determine pulse – Count the number of times the cheats rises on animal Normal Temperature, Pulse and Respiration Continued • Respiratory Rates Among Different Animals – – – – – – – Animals: Cat Cow Dog Horse Human Rat Beats/minute: 26 30 22 12 12 97 Let’s Review • 1. What is disease? • 2. Why is it important to keep animals healthy? • 3. Give three causes of disease. • 4. Give three visual and non -isual signs of • detecting disease. • 5. What are vitals? Check your answers!! • 1. Any deviation from normal health of the animal. • 2. Profitability, saving money • 3.Answers will vary • 4. Visual -isolation, off feed, depressed, • off food and water etc.. Non visual - temperature, pulse and respiration • 5. Temperature, pulse and respiration