Immunity (Notes + Marking)

TueWedThuPriSatIMMUNOLOGYDate: / 120MARKING:-Book: Levinson (15th edition)1. Chapter(57)Difference b/w active & passive immunity andinnate & adaptive immunity (From my notes almostevery concept of chapter is compiled inthem) (Imp. for SEQs and MCQs)Tables 57-2 and 57-3Haptens and Adjuvants (only for concept but read)2. Chapter (58)Tables 58-3,58-4 and 58-5 (imp. for mcgs mustprepareFigure 58-3 (Must prepare for mcgs).3. Chapter(59)Table 59-1 (Must prepare for mcgs).Figure 59-2 (Must draw & understand).Figure 59-6 (Must prepare for concepts & MCQs)Also do "Rule of Eight" above in theory.4. Chapter- (60) ("Not imp. Don't Do")5. Chapter (61)Functions of antibodiesAntibodies (Igs) are gamma-globulins and form20% of blood proteins (MC(s) .B-cellsPlasma cellsAntibodies (MCQ) MonTueWedThuPriSatDate: / /20Different between 1° and 2° immune responses(From my I notes table) Imp SEQ $ MCQsTable 61-1 (Imp for SEQ and MCQS.)Figure 61-6 (v.imp must read it's description forvery imp set mcgs)Must remember IgM and IgE(ME antibodies)have "Four domains CH" in heavy chain.6 Chapter (62)Indroduction (only 1st small paragraph not complete)Table 62-1 (Imp for mcqs must prepare).Transplantation (4 -types for mcqs)Solid organ Allograft rejection (complete). v.imp3 types 1. Acute allograpt rejection (1st set $ 2nd set)2. Chronic rejection3. Hyperacute rejection (white graft reaction)Direct and indirect pathway of allograft recognition.Both direct & indirect pathways contribute toacute rejection, the indirect pathway is primarilyresponsible for chronic rejection.Hematopoiet ic stem cell transplants(Graft-Verson-maligrony effect)Graft-Versus_Host reaction (imp) Mon TueWedThuFriSatDate: / /2010/10 match & cross matchingFetus is an allogra ft that is not rejected (MCQ)(Chapter(63)Indroduction (3 functions of complement)C3b, the central molecule of complement cascade (MCQ)Figure 63-1 (imp seq)What is C3 & C5 convertases of classic & Lectinpathway and alternative pathway (MCQs).Decay accelerating factor (DAF)Opsonization (C3h)Chemotaxis (Mainly (5a)imp MCQsAnaphylatoxin (C3a, Cua & (5a)Clinical aspects of complement (imp MCQs)(Read)8. Chapter (64) Rh Blood type & hemdytic Disease9. Chapter (65)Complete very very important chapter90% Weightage in Immunity topic10. chapter(66)Table 66-1 (Names only)Molecular mimicry11. Chapter 67 and ("Not imp. Dont DO b) INNATE IMMUNITY ADAPTIVE IMMUNITYA naturally occuring immuniIt is an acquired immunity-ty by the genetic constituentsmediated by T-cells andB-cells.and physiology of a person.It consists of 1st line andIt is the 3rd line of2nd line of defence of humandefence of our body.body.Composed of intact skin &composed of helperT-cells,mucous membranes (1st line) andcytotoxic T-cells and antibodiesnatural killer cells, macrophaproduced From B-cells.ges and complement proteins22nd time). NeutrophilsGenetrates non-specificGenerates specific immuneimmune response (Notantigenresponse Cantigen specific).specific)Present in fully active $Not present in preformedpreformed state.state (Antibodies)Generates a rapid responseGenerates slow responsein 5-6 days.Dosenot develop memorycellsMemory cells are formed.Examples are intact skinExamples: Immunity developsagainst microbes andimmediate inflammatoryafter viral infectionandresponse to combat injuryvaccinations againstmicrobial infections ACTIVE IMMUNITYPASSIVE IMMUNITYIt results from theIt results from theproduction of antibodies byintroduction of antibodiesthe person's own immunefrom the outside.system in response todirect contact of an antigen.Pathogen has direct contactPathogen doesnot havewith the bodies'immunedirect contact with bodies'system.immune system.Depl not generate aIt generates arapid response.rapid response.Maylast for a long timeIt is short lived.Generates an immunologi-Does not generate ancal memory.immunological memorySidereal effects are verylow.Body may react toantisera.Does not work in imino-deficient host.Work in both immunedeficient and immuno-competent host. Immune Response to an AntigenPrimary immune response Secondary immune responseIt occurs as a resultIt occurs as a result ofsecond and subsequent contactsof primary contact with anwith the same antigen.antigenAntibodies appear in theAntibodies appear in theserum after about 7-10 days.serum afterabout 3-5days.BProlong period is requiredIt establishes immunityto establish immunity.in a short time.4There is rapid decline inAntibody level remainsantibody levelhigh for longer period5Some memory B-cells areformed which remain quiescentactivated Memory and B-cells give become responseuntill second exposure to theupon second and subsequentsame antigen.exposure.Dominant antibody ofDominant antibody ofprimary response is IgM.secondary response is IgG.1° immune response2° immune response2ndexposarexposureto antigeto antigenIgGIgMIgGIgM714212871421Days28 SEQ478PART VII ImmunologyCell sur face proteins thatplayan imp. role in theNaiveimmune responseB cellType ofcellsSurface proteinsAntiHelperAntigenCD4,TCRT-cellsCD28MCQ(IL48IL5)Cytotoxic1CD8,TCRT-cellsB.cellsIgM, B7MCQT folliculahelper ceMacrophagesClass II MHCActivated B cellNaturalReceptors forKiller cellsClassI MHCAll cellsclass I MHCNeutralize toxinsother thanand virusesmatureAntibodiesRBCsKill bacteriaDendriticcellsclass IIMHCand enhancephagocytosisComplementComplex macromolecule