University:
Santa Fe College
Course:
PHY 2048 | General Physics 1 with Calculus
Academic year:

2024
Views:

53

Pages:

8
Author:

Jabin F.

Ensemble Ensemble: The number of microstates for a macrostate. Ω = 100 Ω=100 Ensemble: The number of identical systems (one system for each microstate). ⇒ The group of a large number of identical systems. ⇒The group of a large number of identical systems. Ensemble A system that is macroscopically identical but microscopically different is called an ensemble. Types of Ensemble: Microcanonical Canonical Grand Canonical 1. Microcanonical Ensemble: The ensemble in which the macrostate is represented by fixed values of the number of particles ( 𝑁 N), volume ( 𝑉 V), and energy ( 𝐸 E). The same applies to all elements (or systems) of the ensemble. This is called a microcanonical ensemble. Diagram: The diagram shows a grid of systems, each labeled with 𝑁 𝑉 𝐸 NVE, representing the number of particles, volume, and energy. The systems are separated by impermeable, rigid, non-conductive walls, indicating that these systems are isolated from each other. All the systems in the microcanonical ensemble are separated by impermeable, rigid, and non-conductive walls. In microcanonical systems, these are isolated systems. The systems are separately in equilibrium. Canonical Ensemble Macrostate: ( 𝑁 , 𝑉 , 𝑇 ) (N,V,T) Wall: Impermeable, rigid, and conducting. Nature of System: Closed system. In a canonical ensemble, systems are in thermal contact or in thermal equilibrium at an absolute temperature 𝑇 T mutually, and in thermal equilibrium with a heat bath or heat reservoir at absolute temperature 𝑇 T. Diagram: A grid of systems, each labeled with 𝑁 𝑉 𝑇 NVT, representing number of particles ( 𝑁 N), volume ( 𝑉 V), and temperature ( 𝑇 T). The systems are separated by impermeable, rigid, and conducting walls. Grand Canonical Ensemble Macrostate: ( 𝜇 , 𝑉 , 𝑇 ) (μ,V,T) 𝜇 μ represents the chemical potential. 𝜇 μ is fixed and the same for all systems. Wall: Permeable, rigid, and conducting. Nature of System: Open system. Diagram: A grid of systems, each labeled with 𝜇 𝑉 𝑇 μVT, where the chemical potential 𝜇 μ is fixed across all systems, along with volume ( 𝑉 V) and temperature ( 𝑇 T). The walls separating the systems are permeable, allowing for exchange between systems.