A Study of Four Psychology Scientists

Research on four scientists Anatomy is a discipline that studies the structurers of the body. On the other hand, physiology studies the chemistry and physics of the body structures and how they work jointly to support life. This essay paper will discuss the life history of early scientists and their contributions to modern medical science field particularly in anatomy and physiology disciplines. Raymond Dart was born on 4th February 1893, in Australia, Toowong. Toowong was a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland. He joined University of Queensland (UQ) in 1911 and studied geology and Zoology, taking his Bachelor of Science in 1913. Dart graduated from the University of Queensland (UQ) in 1914 with honours and studied Master of Science (M.Sc.) with honours at UQ in 1916. He then pursued MB and Master of Surgery in 1917 at University of Sydney and graduated in 1927 (Falk, 2018). In South Africa, Dart introduced new approaches for human body dissection. The aim of this approach was to reduce the damages to bones during dissection to produce a skeletal collection of crucial intact specimens. The Raymond Dart collection provides invaluable research resources for skeletal biology and other related disciplines in today’s higher learning institutions. Medical and science students use Raymond Dart collection during practical studies for better understanding. Luigi Galvani was a Physician, biologist and Philosopher from Italy who discovered animal electricity. He was born in 1737 month of September 9th in Bologna, Italy. In 1755 he pursued medicine and surgery at University of Bologna and received his MD and a degree in philosophy in 1759 (Paluch, 2018). In the year 1762 he became an anatomy lecturer at University of Bologna where he uncovered frog muscle can conduct electricity by placing copper and iron wire to nerve and muscles respectively. He then attached nerve to one metal electrode and muscle to another different metal electrode. This contribution has led to further studies of 2 bioelectricity in today’s learning institutions. The concept of the Luigi Galvani’s project is used for studying electrical patterns and signals of nervous system and also in energy industries in electrical battery productions. Carl Langer von Edenberg was an Australian anatomist. He was born on 15th April 1819 in Vienna, Australia. He was known for his topographical anatomy work, and he studied medicine course at University of Vienna and Prague. From 1810-1894 he worked as a prospector in Vienna under Joseph Hyrtl (Kurdiovsky, 2015). In 1856 he became a professor at the Josephinum and served as a second institute of anatomy director at the University of Vienna from 1870 to 1874. The project he did in his life history was planning for the construction of a new anatomical institute. The anatomical institution planned by Carl Langer von Edenberg is currently used as research center for anatomy work by students and other young scientist. Valdimar Dilman was a prominent Russian scientist and physician. He was born on 19th July 1925. Valdimar Dilman was globally known as endocrinologist and gerontologist in medicine history. Professor Valdimar Dilman forecasted what was now the main turning point of current theories of the origin of chronic age-associated diseases (Anisimov, 2015). He highlighted the function played by the increased hypothalamic sensitivity to the inhibitory action of the peripheral hormones in the main non-communicable diseases development. His concept and scientific biography have increased the understanding of chronic diseases and has been a stimulus to independent research studies carried out by younger generations and competent specialist in medical science field and practice. In conclusion, it is true to say that these scientists laid a strong foundation of medical science in anatomy and physiology studies for the modern medical science works. The scientists’ 3 concepts are being used in a current medical field to solve anatomy related challenges of today’s generation. The young scientists’ researches depend on the early scientists’ knowledge.