Chapter 6 Learn Smart Questions

Chapter 6: LearnSmart Questions                  Which theory of motivation argues that goals determine the work actions of people? o Goal setting theory Which of the following would likely be characterized as an extrinsic motivations? o Samantha’s new boss frequently praises her for the quality of her work; Bettina’s new job has a lucrative bonus benefits package Water, food, shelter o Existence Autonomy, accountability o Control Development of personal potential; achievement of higher purpose o Meaning Accomplishment, recognition, personal worth o Esteem Friendship, companionship, acceptance o Relatedness Rank the following motivating forces in order of their strength on job performance, with the strongest job performance motivator listed at top and the lowest job performance motivator listed at bottom. o Self-efficacy, specific difficult goals, increased valence instrumentality and expectancy, perceptions of equity The belief known as _____ relates to the belief that “If I do a good job, I’ll receive the outcome I desire.” o Instrumentality Three common symbolic meanings of money ae achievement, respect and o Freedom What do people experience when they believe that their professional work contributes to some greater cause? o Psychological empowerment Which of the following motivation theories considers the ratio between outcomes and inputs and recognizes that outcomes depend in part on what occurs in the lives of others? o Equity theory In terms of equity theory, which of the following would be considered inputs? o Experience, skills The belief known as _____ relates to the questions “Does the outcome have any value to me?” o Valence Sam enrolls in an MBA program because his wife and parents have convinced him that he can succeed. o Verbal persuasion Sam is extremely nervous about being back in a classroom after an absence of almost ten years, so he is unsure that he’ll succeed in an MBA program. o Emotional cues Sam earnex a 3.9 GPA in his undergraduate program, and that bolsters his confidence that he’ll do well in graduate school. o Past accomplishments                 Sam’s best friend recently earned an MBA from the same university and he recommended the program enthusiastically. o Vicarious experiences Which of the following needs would be likely labeled as “relatedness” needs? o Romantic attachments, friendship, affection Danielle is eager to earn an A average in her college courses this semester because her parents have promised her a trip to Florida is she achieves this. The trip is an example of ___ forces in Danielle’s motivation o External In terms of equity theory, which of the following would be considered outcomes? o Promotions, workplace perks Direction, intensity, and ____ are the components of motivation that contribute to an employee’s work. o Persistence Which theory of motivation proposes that work effort is directed toward positive experiences and away from negative ones? o Expectancy theory Alexis owns an executive search firm and has established a goal for each of her recruiters to make contact with 25 or more potential candidates each day. This illustrates which of the following concepts of S.M.A.R.T. goals? o Specific, measurable, time-sensitive What might happen if employees feel that they have less equity in their workplaces? o They might take actions against their workplaces Which of the following are reasons some employees may lack motivation? o Assignment of an ambiguous goal, lack of confidence Profit sharing depends on the performance of an entire company. What type of focus does this compensation plan have? o Organization According to goal setting theory, there are three variables that determine whether supervisors goals will affect their employees’ work actions. One goal is commitment. What are the other two? o Task complexity, feedback An individual’s self-confidence and need for achievement are considered ___ forces in motivation. o Internal What theory asserts that a person’s motivation is based on what he or she considers to be fair when compared to others? o Equity theory Which three of the following are reasons an employee may be more motivated than his or her counterparts? o The employee has specific, challenging, and achievable goals o The employee has feelings of psychological empowerment o The employee has feelings of expectancy and instrumentality According to expectancy theory, an individual’s effort level depends on three factors: expectancy, instrumentality, and o Valence Which of the following would likely be characterized as intrinsic motivations? o Bob takes as many cooking classes as he can find because he loves to cook. Tiana is auditing a psychology course at the community college because she finds the subject fascinating According to the equity theory, when we examine our own efforts and results and compare them to the efforts and results of others, we use the other people as what? o Comparison others One of the aspects that Ricardo loves best about running a branch office is that the people in headquarters leave him alone and give him considerable latitude in making decisions for the branch. Which component of psychological empowerment does this represent? o Self-determination In terms of equity theory, what is the term for the process in which people think about things in new ways-- but do not change their behaviors-- in order to regain intellectual balance? o Cognitive distortion Motivational force equals zero if any of the three beliefs of expectancy, instrumentality, and valence is zero. o True In terms of equity theory, a(n) ____ refers to an employee examining others within the same organization. o Internal comparison Employees with high ____ are fully absorbed and enthusiastic about their work and devote a lot of energy to the job. o Engagement What kind of belief answers the question “What are the chances that, if I work very hard, I’ll be able to do a good job?” o Expectancy One of the problems with determining needs is that people’s conceptions of needs vary between different cultures or even between individuals o True Purchasing manager Jake compares his situation with that of purchasing managers in other similar-sized companies. What type of comparison is Jake performing? o Occupational equity When a person becomes upset because he compares his equity with others and finds his own equity lacking, he might be experiencing what phenomenon? o Equity distress Employees who have a degree of autonomy in their work tasks are likely to experience which dimension of psychological empowerment? o Self determination o           