Anatomy Reading 1-1 | The University Of Western Ontario

University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
ANAT 2200B | Systemic Anatomy of the Human Body
Academic year:

2022
Views:

271

Pages:

3
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Skeletal systems ● Providing support and structures to the body ○ Supporting body shapes ○ Protection on vital organs ■ Skull => brain, ribs => thoracic organs ○ Mineral storages ■ Calcium, phosphate storage ■ Hematopoiesis ● Red marrow ○ Blood cell production ■ Fat storage ● Yellow marrow Bone Classifications ● Long Bones: ○ Tubular bones ○ Longer than how they are to be wide ○ Tubular shaft with two ends ■ Humerus ■ Femur ■ Tibia ■ Radius ■ Ulna ○ Diaphysis : compact bone with medullary cavity ○ Epiphyses : spongy bones with thin cortical shells ○ Metaphysis : sites with growth plates ■ Epiphyseal plates for childrens ● Short bones ○ Cuboidal shape ■ Length = width ○ Carpal bones (wrist) ○ Tarsal bones (ankle) ○ Thin layer of compact bones over spongy bones ○ Gives stability and support with limited motions Note ● Scaphoid fracture, risk in avascular necrosis by poor blood supply ● Flat Bones ○ Thin + flat + curved ○ Two layers of compact bones + spongy bonds between it ■ Skull bones ● Parital, frontal, occipital bones ■ Sternum ■ Ribs ● Irregular Bones ○ Complex shape ○ Vertebral ○ Sacrum, coccyx ■ Varying in compositions in compact bones ○ Function in protections, muscle attachments ● Sesamoid Bones ○ Embedded in tendons ○ Tendon passed on joints ○ Patella (largest sesamoid Bones) ■ Develop in response to stress + frictions ○ Protection on tendons ■ Wear and tear proof on ■ Altering angle of pull +improving on mechanical advantages ○ Patellar dislocation + fracture ■ Impairing knee extensions ○ Sesamoitis ■ Inflammation ■ Common in foot