Second Triumvirate (43 BCE) ● Octavian ○ Augustus ○ Caesar's adopted son ● Mark Antony ○ One of Caesar's general ● Lepidus ○ Cavalry general ○ Least powerful Formation of the Second Triumvirate ● After Caesars murder, Rome in Chaos ○ Formed a alliance ○ Second was official unlike the first ■ Legal power granted by the Senate ■ Gave it to restore the order ● Approved it through Lex Titia ● Renewable supreme power for 5 years ● Authority to make law without Senates’s approval ● 13 years later Roman Empire was born by Octavius (Agustus) ■ Ironically gave end to the Senate Phase 1 :Against Assassination of Caesar ● Defeated Brutus and Cassius ○ Battle of Philippi(42 BCE) ● After battle, divided the Roman Empire ○ Antony ■ East(Greece, Egypt, Asia) ○ Octavius ■ West(Italy, Gaul, Spain) ○ Lepidus ■ North Africa Phase 2: Collapse ● Lepidus Sidelined(36 BCE) ○ Tried to claim Sicily form Octavian ○ Failed Octavian Exiled him from the Empire ○ Lived quietly until his death Antony vs Octavian ● ● ● ● Antony in love with Cleopatra Starting giving Eastern Roman lands to Cleopatra Accused Antony as betraying Rome Battle of Actium (31 BCE) ○ Defeats Antony and Celopatra’s Navy ○ 30BCE Antony and Celopatra both commits suicide ○ Octavian takes Egypt ■ Personal province