University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
Epidemiology 9515B | Epidemiology of Major Diseases
Academic year:

2023
Views:

155

Pages:

2
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Experimental studies:RCT ● Evaluation of effect of interventions ● Assess causation ● Not association ● Active intervention ○ Not passive observation ● Intervention or comparison could be allocated by researchers ● allocate intervention by chance ● Compares outcome with intervention group and comparison group Experimental trials ● Does this intervention work? ● Tested in lab environment ○ Optimal condition ● Efficacy ○ Does it work under perfect conditions ○ Variables could be controlled ■ Protocols ■ Selected participants ● If or If not the treatment works in theory ● Best case scenario Pragmatic Trials ● Test intervention work in real world ● Test in everyday clinical environment ○ Community hospitals ○ Clinics ○ Will have more patient groups ● Efficacy ○ Does this work for real humans? ○ Will have fewer control variables ● Result could be generalized ● Data could be applied to routine practice Feature Explanatory Trial Pragmatic Trial Main focus Efficacy Effectiveness Setting Ideal, controlled, research-focused Real-world clinical settings Participants Highly selected, homogenous Broad, more representative Control over variables High (tight protocols, monitoring) Low (reflects usual care) Generalizability Low → best-case scenario High → real-world application Outcome relevance Biological/clinical endpoints Patient-centered, practical outcomes