Data Integrity and Error Detection Quiz Answers 1. Which type of backup copies only the changes made since the last full backup? A. Cloud-based backups B. Differential backups C. Incremental backups D. Full backups Answer: Differential backups (B) Differential backups specifically copy changes since the last full backup, while incremental backups copy changes since the last backup of any type. 2. What is the purpose of data validation in a data management system? A. To ensure regular data backups are performed B. To prevent unauthorized access to data C. To verify the accuracy and reliability of data D. To improve the speed of data retrieval Answer: To verify the accuracy and reliability of data (C) Data validation specifically ensures that data is accurate, reliable, and meets defined criteria before being used in decision-making. 3. What type of backup involves storing copies of data in a remote location? A. Full backups B. Off-site backups C. Differential backups D. Incremental backups Answer: Off-site backups (B) Off-site backups are designed to enhance data security by storing backups in a separate geographical location. 4. Which of the following is NOT a common technique employed in data validation? A. Data normalization B. Range validation C. Value validation D. Format validation Answer: Data normalization (A) Data normalization is a process used in database design to reduce redundancy, whereas format, range, and value validations are techniques used to verify data integrity. 5. What is the primary benefit of performing regular backups? A. To comply with data access controls B. To enhance data processing speed C. To validate the accuracy of data D. To ensure data is recoverable in case of loss Answer: To ensure data is recoverable in case of loss (D) Regular backups ensure that there are recoverable copies of data, which is crucial in case of data loss or corruption. 6. What does data integrity primarily ensure within a database? A. Confidentiality of the data B. Low redundancy in data storage C. Accuracy, completeness, and validity of the data D. Efficiency in data retrieval Answer: Accuracy, completeness, and validity of the data (C) Data integrity ensures that data remains accurate, complete, and valid for effective decision-making. 7. Which of the following is NOT considered an error detection mechanism? A. Role-based access control B. Range checking C. Hashing algorithms D. Data type checking Answer: Role-based access control (A) Role-based access control is a data access control mechanism, not an error detection mechanism. 8. What is the goal of database normalization? A. To enforce strict security protocols B. To eliminate user access logs C. To streamline error logging processes D. To reduce redundancy and improve data integrity Answer: To reduce redundancy and improve data integrity (D) Database normalization aims to organize data to reduce redundancy and enhance data integrity. 9. Which of the following correctly describes role-based access control (RBAC)? A. Defining access rights based on user roles B. Automatically removing inactive users from the system C. Limiting access to data based on time constraints D. Granting access based on user identity alone Answer: Defining access rights based on user roles (A) RBAC defines access rights according to the roles assigned to users. 10. Which data validation method checks the relationship between various data elements? A. Data type checking B. Range checking C. Hashing algorithms D. Consistency constraints Answer: Consistency constraints (D) Consistency constraints are used to validate the relationships among different data elements. 11. What is a key purpose of data backup strategies? A. To enforce authentication protocols for users B. To ensure data integrity through normalization C. To protect data from loss due to various failures D. To monitor user data access activity Answer: To protect data from loss due to various failures (C) Data backup strategies are crucial for protecting data from loss owing to different factors. 12. In the context of database normalization, what does the Third Normal Form (3NF) accomplish? A. Segregates data into separate tables without constraints B. Removes repeating groups C. Eliminates redundant data dependent on a composite key D. Removes transitive dependencies Answer: Removes transitive dependencies (D) 3NF targets the removal of transitive dependencies to reduce redundancy. 13. Which of the following methods is NOT typically used for error detection? A. Data validation rules B. Range checking C. User authentication D. Error logs Answer: User authentication (C) User authentication is not an error detection method, but rather a data access control mechanism.