Electron Transport Chain of Cellular Respiration | Study Guide - Edubirdie

University:
University of California, San Diego
Course:
BIMM 100 | Molecular Biology
Academic year:

2024
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241

Pages:

1
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customer-8930767

Outline the complete electron transport chain of cellular respiration, including complex names, prosthetic groups, electron carriers, and proton pumping stoichiometry. The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) comprises four multi-subunit complexes (I–IV) and mobile carriers (ubiquinone, cytochrome c), transferring electrons from NADH/FADH? to O?, pumping protons for ATP synthesis. Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) : 46 subunits, FMN and 8 Fe-S clusters. Accepts electrons from NADH ? FMN ? Fe-S ? ubiquinone (Q). Pumps 4 H?/2e? from matrix to intermembrane space. Complex II (Succinate dehydrogenase) : FAD, Fe-S clusters, bound to inner membrane. Accepts electrons from succinate (TCA cycle) ? FAD ? Fe-S ? Q. Pumps no protons. FADH? electrons enter here. Ubiquinone (CoQ) : Lipid-soluble benzoquinone, shuttles electrons from complexes I/II to complex III. Accepts 2e? + 2H? ? ubiquinol (QH?). Complex III (Cytochrome bc? complex) : 11 subunits, contains cytochrome b (heme bL, bH), cytochrome c? (heme c?), and Rieske Fe-S protein. Operates Q cycle: QH? donates one electron to FeS ? cytochrome c? ? cytochrome c, and one electron to cytochrome bL ? bH ? Q (semiquinone) ? QH?. Net: 2 QH? + 2 cytochrome c (oxidized) ? 2 cytochrome c (reduced) + Q + 4 H? pumped. Pumps 4 H?/2e?. Cytochrome c : Small soluble heme protein in intermembrane space, shuttles electrons from complex III to complex IV. Complex IV (Cytochrome c oxidase) : 13 subunits, contains cytochromes a and a?, and CuA/CuB centers. Accepts electrons from cytochrome c ? CuA ? heme a ? heme a?-CuB ? reduces O? + 4H? ? 2H?O. Pumps 2 H?/2e?. Inhibited by cyanide, CO. Total proton pumping per NADH: I (4) + III (4) + IV (2) = 10 H?; per FADH?: III (4) + IV (2) = 6 H?. Proton gradient drives ATP synthase (~3 H?/ATP), yielding ~2.5 ATP/NADH, ~1.5 ATP/FADH?.

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