University:
University of New Haven
Course:
PSYC 1111 | Introduction To Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

453

Pages:

2
Author:

leafymidmorning

Language and Thought Language and thought ● Language is spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning. ● Grammar is a system of rules for deriving meaning from sounds and for ordering words into sentences. ● Syntax refers to the correct arrangement of words into sensible sentences. Language acquisition and development ● Receptive language is the ability to comprehend the meaning of speech. ○ Example: A 5-month-old might be able to recognize diﬀerences in speech sounds and even read lips. ● The beginning of babies' receptive language development is best illustrated by their capacity to match another person's distinctive mouth movements with the appropriate sounds. ● Babbling is the spontaneous utterance of a variety of sounds by infants. ● During the earliest stage of speech development, infants make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parent’s native language. ○ By about 10 months, the infant’s babbling has changed so that a trained ear can identify the household language. ● Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during childhood. ○ Those who have not been exposed to language by age 7 lose their ability to master any language. The brain and language ● Aphasia refers to a condition involving the impairment of language. Thinking and language ● Linguistic relativism is deﬁned as the idea that language has an inﬂuence on the way we think. ○ Example: When China-born, bilingual University of Waterloo students described themselves in English, their responses ﬁt typical Canadian proﬁles, expressing mostly positive self-statements. When responding in Chinese, they gave typically Chinese self-descriptions, using roughly equal positive and negative self-statements.

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