Midterm Review Fall 2024

Name_________________________ Midterm Review Fall 2024 1. What does physics study? 2. Define the following: observation experiment procedure control independent variable dependent variable data 3. On a graph, where do the independent and dependent variables go? 4. What makes a good hypothesis? 5. How does a .5 kg piece of iron compare to a .5 kg piece of Styrofoam? 6. The number of anchovy pieces needed to make pizzas is given by the equation a = 3p. In this equation p is the number of pizzas that can be made. How many anchovies are needed to make 12 pizzas? 7. Why is the metric system used in science? 8. What is the order of metric prefixes from largest to smallest and what do each of them represent? 9. Convert 43.5 milliliters to liters. 10. The number of seconds in a month is? 11. A truck has a weight of 5607 pounds, what is this number in scientific notation? 12. What is 4.3 X 10-3 taken out of scientific notation? 13. What is the difference between precision and accuracy? 14. What does the slope of a distance vs. time graph represent? Velocity vs. time? 15. What does the area under a velocity vs. time graph represent? Acceleration vs. time? 16. What is the difference between vector and scaler? Give examples of each. 17. A baseball player runs 27.5 meters from the batter’s box to first base, overruns first base by 2.5 meters and returns to first. What are the player’s total distance run and his displacement? 18. Your grandma walks to the store down the street in 30 minutes. What additional information do you need to calculate her speed? 19. A car is driving around a circular track at a constant speed of 25 m/s. What is changing? 20. In 30 minutes a cyclist traveled 30 kilometers. What is the average speed of the cyclist in km/hr? 21. How do you calculate average speed? 22. A car advertises that it can go from 0 m/s to 60 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the rate of acceleration? 23. Two objects are dropped from rest one second apart. What happens to the distance separating them as they fall? 24. Why would a projectile fired horizontally maintain its horizontal speed? 25. How do you calculate the slope of a line? 26. What are Newton’s 3 laws? First Law: Objects stay at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by a force. Second Law: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). Third Law: For every action, there’s an equal and opposite reaction. 27. What is inertia? 28. What is the difference between mass and weight? 29. What do each of the following represent? 30. How would you find the car’s acceleration between 20 and 30 s? What does the slope of that portion of the graph indicate? 31. What do each of the following represent? 32. What is happening during each segment of the following graph below? 33. Use the graph below to answer the following. If the car starts from rest, what is the velocity after 3 seconds? 34. The distance between Dallas and Austin is approximately 315Km. How fast would you have to travel to make it there in 3 hours and 22 minutes? 35. From the frame of reference of cyclist 2, what is the velocity of cyclist 1? 36. What do each of the following represent? 5 m south .25 Km/hr/s 55 m/s 105 37. Describe what is happening at each segment of the graph below. 0 time 0 time 0 distance distance distance distance 38. Describe what is happening in each of the following. time 0 time 39. A 50.0 kg student would weigh -1220 N on the surface of Planet Y. What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Planet Y? 40. A force of 36.0 N is used to overcome a frictional force of 4.00 N and accelerate a 5.00 kg mass across a floor. What is the acceleration of the mass? 41. A student pulls a 80 Newton sled with a force of 30 Newtons. What is the magnitude of the force that the sled exerts on the student? 42. Define the following: Field force- A force that acts on an object from a distance( without touching) force is the resistance encountered when two surfaces slide against each other, depending on their materials and how hard they’re pressed Friction force- Friction together. Contact force- Contact force is the force between objects that are touching, including friction, normal force, and tension. 43. If a car is driven north in a straight line with decreasing speed, the force causing this acceleration on the car must be directed _______? 44. A force of 30 N east and a force of 30 N west act concurrently on an 8.0 kg cart. What is the acceleration of the cart? 45. How do the forces acting on the following objects differ? 46. Describe what is happening to the cart in the following free-body diagrams.