Earth Science Test 1 Answer Key

MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer for each on the answer sheet.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. C C B D C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C TRUE OR FALSE (Type the word True or False for each statement below on the answer sheet.) 11. FALSE 12. TRUE 13. FALSE 14. TRUE 15. FALSE MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer for each on the answer sheet.) 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. D TRUE OR FALSE (Type the word True or False for each statement below on the answer sheet.) 25. FALSE 26. TRUE 27. TRUE 28. FALSE 29. TRUE MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer for each on the answer sheet.) 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B MATCHING (Type the letter of tectonic activity associated with each place.) 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. B MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer on the answer sheet.) 1. Atoms of the same element, copper for example, have the same number of …… A. electrons in the nucleus C. protons in the nucleus B. neutrons in the outer nuclear shell D. electrons in the outer energy level 2. Which of the following correctly describes isotopes of the same element? A. The atoms have different numbers of protons and the same number of neutrons. B. The atoms have the same number of electrons and different numbers of protons. C. The atoms have different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons. 3. Which one of the following is not true for minerals? A. They form naturally. B. They can be a liquid, solid, or gas. C. They have a specific, predictable chemical composition. D. They are inorganic. 4. Based on the definition of a mineral, which one of the following is not considered to be a mineral? A. halite (table salt) B. quartz C. talc D. sugar 5. What of these is the hardest known mineral in nature? A. silicate B. gold C. diamond D. mica 6. The resistance of a mineral to abrasion (being scratched) is known as …. A. luster B. cleavage C. streak D. hardness 7 Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the Earth’s crust? A. sulfides B. carbonates C. silicates D. halides 8. The tendency of some minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as … A. streak B. cleavage C. luster D. crystal habit 9. The most variable physical property of minerals such as quartz is …. A. hardness B. crystal habit C. specific gravity D. color 10. The most abundant element by weight in the Earth’s crust is …… A. aluminum B. iron C. oxygen D. hydrogen TRUE OR FALSE (Type the word True or False for each statement below on the answer sheet.) 11. The most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust is mica. 12. Luster is a physical property that describes the light reflecting characteristics of a mineral. 13. A mineral can be composed entirely of one element. 14. Streak is the physical property that shows the color of a mineral in its powdered form. 15. Rocks, like minerals, are always composed of inorganic matter. MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer for each on the answer sheet.) 16. Igneous rock is formed …… A. by the weathering of preexisting rocks. B. by crystallization of molten magma or lava . C. only within Earth. D. by changes in mineral composition. 17. If magma cools and solidifies slowly, the size of the mineral crystals that form is ……. A. small B. large C. not affected 18. Obsidian exhibits a ……… texture. A. fine-grained B. glassy C. coarse-grained D. porphyritic 19. The composition of the oceanic crust is mainly __________. A. granite B. basalt C. peridotite D. iron 20. The most common rock of the continental crust is ________. A. granite B. basalt C. peridotite D. iron 21. Sedimentary rocks ……. A. may contain fossils B. may be economically important C. are important clues to Earth’s history D. all of the above 22. Metamorphism may result from …… B. pressure C. chemical action A. heat D. all of these 23. The common rock produced by the metamorphism of limestone is …… B. slate C. anthracite D. gneiss A. marble 24. Which rock is composed of alternating bands of light and dark silicate minerals? B. Slate C. Anthracite D. Gneiss A. Marble TRUE OR FALSE (Type the word True or False for each statement below on the answer sheet.) 25. Intrusive rocks have a fine-grained texture. 26. Shale is a very common detrital (clastic) sedimentary rock. 27. The most abundant chemical sedimentary rock is gypsum. 28. The largest quantity of metamorphic rock is produced by regional metamorphism. 29. Shale normally becomes gneiss following low-grade metamorphism. MULTIPLE CHOICE (Type the letter of your answer for each on the answer sheet.) 30. Who formulated the “Continental Drift Hypothesis?” A. Hutton B. Newton C. Wegener 31. What is Pangaea? A. a portion of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge B. an island in the Pacific Ocean D. Gutenberg C. a German word for “plate tectonics” D. the name of a supercontinent 32. Island arcs are formed at …… A. ocean-ocean convergent boundaries B. ocean-continent convergent boundaries 33. The Hawaiian Islands are located …… A. at a divergent boundary B. over a hot spot C. transform boundaries D. divergent boundaries C. at a subduction zone D. on a transform boundary MATCHING (On the answer sheet, type the letter of the plate boundary associated with each place.) 34. San Andreas Fault A. Divergent Boundary 35. Deep Ocean Trenches B. Convergent Boundary 36. Mid-Atlantic Ridge C. Transform Boundary 37. Himalayas 38. Red Sea 39. Andes Mountains 40. Aleutian Islands