University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 110 | Introduction to Professional Nursing
Academic year:

2019
Views:

366

Pages:

3
Author:

zbrkanogiorr

ATI Dosage Calculation (By weight) Conversions to know  2.2 lbs=1kg  16 oz=1 lb Round to the nearest tenth Ex. Ferrous sulfate 3 mg/kg/day po divided into doses every 12 hours client is 23 lbs 10 oz How many mg/dose should be given? 10ozx 1lb =0.625lbs 16oz 1 kg =10.738kg 2.2lbs 3 mg =32.1 mg dividedintodoses q12hrs 10.7kgx 1 kg 23.625lbsx 32.1mg/2=16.05 mg/dose=16.1mg/dose Ex. A client is prescribed 18mg po daily Available: 75mg/mL How many mL should be given? 18mgx 1 mL =0.24mL=0.2mLdaily 75mg (Injectable) Parenteral categories 1. Intradermal (TB test, forms a visible bleb) 2. Subcutaneous (subQ) a. below the dermis, slower absorption than IM b. for small volumes (0.5mL-1mL) c. sites for subcutaneous include outer upper arm, abdomen, upper back, upper hip below waist, anterior thighs d. (anticoagulants-heparin, enoxaparin, insulin) 3. Intramuscular (IM) a. for larger volumes of medication b. sites include ventral gluteal, vastus lateralis (infants), deltoid (immunizations) 4. IV a. peripheral short IV catheter >3 inches (in extremities) b. PICC (type of central catheter) long term i. from upper arm to superior vena cava Syringes: a. b. c. d. e. 1mL (subQ, IM) 3 mL 5mL (for doses>3mL) 10&20mL to dilute IV bolus 60mL to irrigate wounds Needle sticksput you at risk for HIV, HEP B, HEP C Things to consider for injectable medications:  read labels  check dosage, unit of measurement, route  check expiration date  single dose, store appropriately (refrigeration needed?) Ex. Digoxin 0.125mg/IV bolus daily Available: 250mcg/mL How many mL? 250mcg 1 mg =0.25mg/mL x 1 mL 1000mcg 0.125mgx 1 mL =0.5mL 0.25mg Insulin  aides in the reuptake of glucose, stores glycogen in the liver  subQ (injection or pump)  need rapid reduction in glucose-IV infusion o reg insulin o aspart (Novolog) o lispro (Humalog) o glulisine (apridra)  use special syringe (insulin is measured in units)  available in 2 concentrations o U-100 100units/mL o U-500 500units/mL  syringe must match insulin concentration  sources of insulin o human insulin (manufactured) o analogs Types of insulin Rapid Regular short Intermediate Long acting acting  Lispro (Humalog)  Aspart (Novolog)  Glulisine (apidra) Shortest duration 10-15min onset administer immediately before meal (subQ, IV) Insulin type Rapid acting Short acting Intermediate Long acting Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)clear 30 min after admin, subQ, IV (diabetic ketoacidosis) Name Lispro Regular NPH Glargine   NPH (Humulin N)-cloudy 1-2 hrs after admin, often mixed with regular insulin subQ  glargine (lantus) premixed (combination of insulins), taken in the am, afternoon, or pm it should be given at the same time every day Onset <15 min 30min-1hr 1-2 hrs 1 hr Peak 30 min-1hr 2-3hr 4-12 hrs None Duration 3-4 hrs 5-7 hrs 18-24 hrs 24 hrs Drawing insulin: Mixing  5 units of Regular Humulin R  20 units NPH Humulin N Steps 1. Check to see if the insulins can be mixed a. you can only mix short or rapid acting with other insulins 2. draw 20 units of air and inject into NPH, without touching the solution 3. draw 5 units of air and inject into regular, draw 5 units of insulin a. always draw regular insulin first (clear before cloudy) 4. draw 20 units of insulin from NPH a. be careful to measure because you cant inject it back into vial if you draw too much