Chapter 45 Quiz

Chapter 45 Which statement is trueabout the incidence ofmultiple sclerosis? The age of onset is 20 to 50 years old Which neurological disorder is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig disease? Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis It is recommended that women of childbearing age take folic acid daily for prevention of Neural tube defects Orthostatic hypotension may be a manifestation of Parkinson’s disease Which conditions are all risk factors for the development of cerebral palsy? (Select all) -Birth trauma -Kernicterus -Prenatal Maternal Infection Which are common causes of acquired parkinsonism? (select all) -History of infection -History of intoxication -History of trauma A patient who experiences petite mal or absence seizures has a generalized seizure type True Drugs that block dopamine receptors can produce Parkinson disease True initiating movements probably has a cerebellar disorder False Autonomic dysreflexia usually does not occur in patients with spinal cord injuries below T10 True Steroids may be used in the management of acute exacerbation of symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis because Demyelination is mediated by immune mechanisms Upper extremity weakness in association with degeneration of CNS neurons is Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Ascending paralysis w/ no loss of sensation is characteristic of Guillain Barre Syndrome The stage of spinal shock that follows spinal cord injury is characterized by Absent spinal reflexes below the level of injury Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by Hypertension & bradycardia It is true that bell palsy is a Paralysis of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve The motor dysfunction that accompanies cerebral palsy appears in childhood and progressively worsens with age False A patient who experiences early symptoms of muscle twitching, cramping, and stiffness of the hands may be demonstrating signs of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis A patient w/ rest tremor, poor balance, and difÏculty What type of seizure usually occurs in children and is characterized by brief staring spells? Absence The initial treatment of an individual experiencing a seizure is concentrated on Maintaining an airway __ is a form of spina bifida in which a saclike cyst filled with CSF protrudes through the spinal defect but does not involve the spinal cord Meningocele What effects do demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis have on neurotransmission? Slower rate of action potential conduction The classic manifestations of Parkinson disease include Rest tremor and skeletal muscle rigidity Dopamine precursors and anticholinergics are all used in the management of Parkinson disease because they Increase dopamine activity in the basal ganglia Parkinson disease is associated with A deficiency of dopamine in the substantial nigra Before making a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease Other potential causes of dementia must be ruled out Seizures that involve both hemispheres at the outset are termed Generalized The dementia of Alzheimer disease is associated with structural changes in the brain, including Deposition of amyloid plaques in the brain The primary reason that prolonged seizure activity predisposes to ischemic brain damage is that The lack of airway maintenance can lead to hypoxia The primary reason that prolonged seizure activity predisposes to ischemic brain damage is that ___ The metabolic rate of the brain is extremely high