Parasitic Infections Assignment

University:
West Coast University
Course:
PHAR 839 | IPC Infectious Diseases II
Academic year:

2024
Views:

71

Pages:

2
Author:

Asal A.

PHAR 839 - Parasitic Infections Assignment – Dr. Van Part I. Perform research and describe the life cycle of at least one following protozoan: Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium species; please provide citation for external resources using AMA format Life cycle of Giardia lamblia: Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that can cause a diarrheal illness in humans and giardiasis. The life cycle of Giardia lamblia has two main stages. The first stage is the cyst stage, and the second stage is the trophozoite stage. 1.Cyst stage: In this stage, the infectious cysts of Giardia Lamblia are shed in the feces of the infected host, and it can survive for a long period in the environment because of the resilience. This infection can happen when a host ingests the cysts through water, direct contact with fecal matter and contaminated food. 2.Excystation: once ingested, the cysts will pass through the stomach, and it reaches the small intestine. Because of the stomach environment (acidic) it triggers the excystation, where each cyst releases the two trophozoites. 3. Trophozoite stage: The trophozoites attach to the epithelial cells of the small intestine, especially on the jejunum and the duodenum. They multiply by binary fission, and it can cause malabsorption of nutrients and that can lead to some of the symptoms like wight loss, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. 4. Encystation: Some of the trophozoites transform back into the cysts as the move towards the large intestine. Encystation is very essential for transmission, as in cysts are infectious. Then the cysts are excreted in feced and completing the life cycle. References: Luján HD, Svärd SG. Giardia: A Model Organism. Springer; 2011. Adam RD. Biology of Giardia lamblia. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001;14(3):447-475. Part II. Complete the following flow charts Central America: __________________ continues to be effective chloroquine 1) DESTINATION Southeast Asia (esp. Thailand): resistance to __________________ is chloroquine becoming more common All areas: malarone ___________, ______________, Doxycycline and ________________ are primafline effective arian __________________ is contraindicated in patients with history of any meflogine psychiatric diagnosis. It is also not recommended in patients with a history of seizure or cardiovascular diagnoses. 2) MEDICAL HISTORY nd In pregnancy, the DOC is __________________, and 2 line is chloroquine _____________________. metloquine Not recommended in severe renal impairment: __________________ Atoratuonelpaganil imalaronet 66 Patients must be assessed for _________________ before being PDdeficenay prescribed primaquine and tafenoquine. __________________, __________________, and poganil Doxycycline __________________ are appropriate for patients with imminent pntnqtu.ge departure because dosing can start 1-2 days prior to arrival in malarial area. 3) DOSING SCHEDULE __________________ and __________________ are dosed weekly and mefloquine chloroquine thus may have better adherence for longer trips (e.g. >4-6 weeks) ____________, ______________, and _____________ may be better Atoratuonelpogilprimatuine Tefenoquine for short trips because dosing only continues for 7 days after return.

Parasitic Infections Assignment

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