Membrane Transport TGT Questions

TGT Questions 2 Name the molecules that make up the major portion of the cell membrane and the type of molecules that can allow passage into and out of the cell. 3 Phospholipids are amphipathic. What does that mean? 4 What role does cholesterol play in the cell membrane? 5 What does selectively permeable mean? 6 Why is the Fluid Mosaic model used to describe the cell membrane. 7 What is the function of the cell membrane. 8 Define diffusion. 2 Define osmosis. 3 How is osmosis different from diffusion? (2 things) 4 Describe what would happen to a cell if it was placed in a hypertonic solution. 5 In order to keep vegetables crisp (full of water) what type of solution would you place them in? Why? 6 Why is passive transport referred to as “passive”? 7 What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion? 8 Define concentration gradient. 9 Why does the diffusion of some molecules need to be facilitated through the cell membrane? 2 List three types of passive transport. 3 What makes active transport “active”? 4 List two factors that determine whether or not a particle is able to diffuse through the cell membrane. 5 Why is phagocytosis called “cell eating”? 6 Why is pinocytosis called “cell drinking”? 7 List two other functions of the cell membrane other than the transport of particles into or out of a cell. 8 List three organelles that have membranes, other than the cell membrane. 9 List three molecules that can move through the cell membrane easily. 2 Explain the difference between exocytosis and endocytosis. 3 Why is it that some particles need to be moved actively? 4 Define solute. 5 Define solvent. 6 What does it mean to move "along a concentration gradient"? 7 Explain the difference between net movement of water vs no net movement of water. 8 Name the portion of a phospholipid that is polar and the portions of a phospholipid that are nonpolar. TGT Answers 2 –phospholipids, protein 3 – have a polar end and a non polar end on the same molecule 4 – keeps the membrane fluid (prevents from freezing or breaking apart when temp increases) 5 – being able to control what passes through the membrane 6 – all components can move freely around in the membrane and the proteins are randomly placed in the membrane 7 – to control what enters the cell and what leaves the cell 8 – the movement of solute particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration 2 – the movement of water across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration 3 – osmosis is the movement of solvent particles; diffusion is the movement of solute particles - osmosis requires a membrane; diffusion doesn’t 4 – water leaves the cell and it shrinks 5 – hypotonic solution, water would enter the plant cells 6 – no energy is required for this type of transport 7 – facilitated diffusion requires a protein; diffusion does not require a protein 8 – a difference in concentration between two areas 9 – they are too large to fit through the membrane or are lipid insoluble 2 – diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion 3 – it requires energy to take place 4 – small molecules, lipid soluble molecules 5 – it moves very large particles into the cell 6 – it moves a lot of solvent into the cell 7 –barrier to outside environemnt, cell to cell communication, cell to cell signalling, internal barriers (compartmentalization) 8 – nucleus, ER, lysosome, Golgi, chloroplast, mitochondria 9 – oxygen, carbon dioxide and water 2 - exocytosis moves particles out the cell, endocytosis moves particles inside the cell 3 – are moved from areas of low concentration to high concentration 4 – a substance that is being dissolved in a solvent 5 – a substance that dissolves a solute 6 – move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration 7 – no net movement: water goes in and out of a cell at the same rate; net movement: there is more water going in than out or vice versa. 8 – polar - phosphate group; non polar – fatty acid tails