Final EXAM Review - Summary Environmental Systems Cycles

Group 1 Discuss two ways that mineral content in water (such as the Sulfate: Chloride ratio) affects beer. The Sulfate/Chloride ratio balances bitterness; chloride enhances rich, mellow flavors, while more sulfate enhances dry, bitter flavors. The minerals in the water enhance beer flavor and change the ‘hardness of beer’. Why is using distilled and/or pure RO water for brewing not recommended? How can this be remedied? Distilled water is boiled and filtered, removing important minerals from the water needed for fermentation; brewers can use it as a ‘blank slate’ to create a unique combination of minerals for better taste. Why couldn’t Maumee Brewing Company use their water for brewing after the algae bloom? Discuss 3 major issues that make rainwater non-ideal for brewing. Because the algae blooms can be boiled out of the water, but not the toxins. Rainwater is contaminated with CO from cars, pollutants from surface runoff and basic. List some differences between surface water and groundwater. Surface water can have more contamination, debris and bacteria, but it gets replenished at a faster pace due to rain. Groundwater is filtered through bedrock, and as such has higher mineral content and is cleaner and can be drunk directly. Group 2 What are three ultimate goals of the Green New Deal? 1. Reduce carbon emissions in the next 10 year 2. Create new jobs in sustainability and boost the economy 3. Make changes in Electricity generation, transportation and agriculture By what year does the Green New Deal suggest that the country should be carbon neutral? By 2030-2035 How can breweries become more sustainable in keeping with the goals of the Green New Deal? Import raw materials from local sources only, eliminate air transportation, utilize electric railroad Transportation, switch entirely to Electric vehicles. Is the Green New Deal feasible? Discuss two reasons to support your answer. Why is it easier for small breweries to achieve the goals of the Green New Deal than larger breweries? Small breweries have less emissions and are closer to the regulations. They mostly sell local, so have fewer transportation emissions to consider as well. Group 3 What does BTU stand for? What is it a measure of and why is that quantity important? British thermal unit; it is a measure of heat, and heat is energy What part of the brewing process includes carbonization? Fermentation What edible Item can be made from the remaining wheat and barley of the brewing process? Dog treats What are two ways in which breweries have used ecofriendly packaging? Biodegradable six-pack rings; and eco-friendly bottles How many states currently have a can/bottle deposit recycling system? 10 states Group 4 – Brewery Waste What is the most abundant ingredient in beer by mass? Beer Name 2 ways spent grain can be repurposed after it has been used for brewing. Fertilizer, What does BOD stand for? Why is BOD a challenge to sustainable brewing practices? Biochemical Oxygen Demand What nutritional aspect of yeast makes it a good animal feed supplement? Yeast is high in protein and carbohydrates What are the two main general types of hops used in brewing? Bittering hops added in the beginning of the boil; aroma hops used in the end of the boil Group 5 What are the four factors that most affect the brain when it comes to advertising? Humor, colors, relatability, brand equity Of these, explain which you think is most influential for breweries. What is Anheuser - Busch’s goal for the amount of packaging that will be returnable or recyclable by 2025? 100% recycled materials Where is the brewery Terra Firma located? Traverse City How does that location impact their goal to grow all of the ingredients needed to make their beer? Terra Firma grows all of its crops locally Name one sustainability goal Anheuser - Busch has set itself in the Transportation and Energy sector? The brewery has set itself a goal to reduce 25% carbon emissions by 2025 What are some products that Terra Firma creates with the spent grain from their batches of beer? Fertilizer, “Regrained” snack bars, Group 6 Why is it important to consider stormwater runoff when planning a construction project? Why are anaerobic digesters not used in treating city water? AD is used to break down organic material into CO2, methane and water; city water is 1) too widespread to be collected and put through this process, 2) would produce harmful gases, 3) it happens in closed spaces where there is no oxygen present which would be hard to create for collecting city water. What are three major challenges of stormwater management? 1) it can cause environmental damage if not controlled 2) difficult to remove pollutants from the water 3) What can breweries do to improve their stormwater management? (WASTE-WATER MANAGEMENT?) Brewery waste water is high in sugar, alcohol, solids, and has a low pH; the sugar and alcohol can create high BOD, which harms wildlife in the water dependent on oxygen to survive Why is a company like Kieser & Associates beneficial to stormwater solutions? Smaller breweries can create green roofs, buffer plants and retention gardens, while larger breweries are building retention and detention ponds which help to reduce the effects of stormwater runoff.