Antihypertensive Medications Class Mechanisms Adverse Rxns Compelling Indication Compelling Contraindication Monitoring Examples ACE I Angiotensin II inhibition Cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia Bilateral RAS, HF Angioedema, eGFR eGFR Ramipril 2.5-10 mg daily ARBs Angiotensin II receptor blockade Hyperkalemia Bilateral RAS, HF Angioedema eGFR Losartan 25-100 mg daily CCBs Calcium channel blockers Headache, constipation, bradycardia Stable angina, hypertension in pregnancy Bradycardia Heart rate, blood pressure Verapamil 120-480 mg daily Thiazide-like Diuretics Vasodilation, salt & H2O loss 1) Wet, 2) K+ loss, 3) Uric acid HF, gout S/E: K+ loss, uric acid S/E: K+, uric acid Indapamide 1.5-2.5 mg daily K-sparing Diuretics Salt & H2O loss Hyperkalemia Resistant HTN Hyperkalemia K+ Spironolactone 25-50 mg daily BB Vasodilation through sympathetic blockade HR, bradycardia, bronchospasms HF, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation Asthma, AV block HR, blood pressure Bisoprolol 2.5-10 mg daily Alpha Blockers Vasodilation Dizziness, orthostatic hypotension Benign prostatic hyperplasia Pregnancy, orthostatic hypotension Blood pressure Tamsulosin 0.4-0.8 mg daily