Main Branches: Crohn's Disease Ulcerative Colitis Key Concepts and Relationships: Crohn's Disease: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding, fistulas, perianal abscesses, enterovesicular fistula, presacral mass, malabsorption, growth retardation, delayed puberty, anemia, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Ulcerative Colitis: Bloody diarrhea, rectal bleeding, mucus in stool, urgency, tenesmus, weight loss, anemia, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Common Features: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, anemia, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Complications: Fistulas, perianal abscesses, enterovesicular fistula, presacral mass, malabsorption, growth retardation, delayed puberty, anemia, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Pathophysiology: Inflammation, immune system dysfunction, genetic factors, environmental factors, bacterial overgrowth, stress, diet. Treatment: Medications (corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, biologics), surgery, dietary changes, stress management. Main Branches: Genetics Environmental Triggers Pathophysiology Clinical Features Complications Treatment Key Concepts and Relationships: Genetics: HLA-DRB1 Environmental Triggers: Western diet, smoking, stress, infections Pathophysiology: Immune dysregulation, inflammation, mucosal damage, increased mucus production, ulceration, bleeding Clinical Features: Bloody diarrhea, rectal bleeding, mucus in stools, urgency, tenesmus, weight loss, anemia, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Complications: Hemorrhage, perforation, toxic megacolon, cancer, arthritis, skin changes, eye inflammation, mouth sores, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, gallstones. Treatment: Medications (anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressants, biologics), surgery, dietary changes, stress management. Main Branches: Joints Eyes Skin Lesions Perianal lesion Pyoderma gangrenosum Arthritis Inflamed uveitis Red eye, eye pain Weils Subcutaneous nodules Elbow pain Spine Sacroiliitis Spondalylitis Jaundice Primary sclerosing cholangitis Inflammation of intra-hepatic ducts and extra-hepatic ducts When chronic Increased risk of DVT, VTE, PE Look for these signs in UC pts Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) ONLY in UC, not CD