Main Branches: Complications Pathogens Clinical Features Diagnosis Treatment Key Concepts and Relationships: Complications: Peritonsillar abscess, neck abscess, otitis media, sinusitis, scarlet fever, bacteremia, pneumonia, glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, toxic shock syndrome, meningitis. Pathogens: Viruses (EBV, influenza, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, coronavirus, GAS), bacteria (most common). Clinical Features: Sore throat, fever, difficulty swallowing, enlarged tonsils, swollen lymph nodes, bad breath, white patches on tonsils, cough, nasal congestion, nasal discharge. Diagnosis: Physical examination, throat culture, rapid antigen tests. Treatment: Antibiotics (for bacterial infections), pain relievers, fluids, rest, gargling with warm saltwater. Main Branches: Complications Pathogens Clinical Features Diagnosis Treatment Key Concepts and Relationships: Complications: Peritonsillar abscess, neck abscess, otitis media, sinusitis, scarlet fever, bacteremia, pneumonia, glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, toxic shock syndrome, meningitis. Pathogens: Viruses (EBV, influenza, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, coronavirus, GAS), bacteria (most common). Clinical Features: Sore throat, fever, difficulty swallowing, enlarged tonsils, swollen lymph nodes, bad breath, white patches on tonsils, cough, nasal congestion, nasal discharge. Diagnosis: Physical examination, throat culture, rapid antigen tests. Treatment: Antibiotics (for bacterial infections), pain relievers, fluids, rest, gargling with warm saltwater. Main Branches: Management Chronic Tonsillitis Indications for Tonsillectomy Complications Key Concepts and Relationships: Recurrent Tonsillitis: Several attacks a year, no symptoms in between attacks. Management: Penicillin or amoxicillin, monitor for allergic reactions, cease antibiotics if rash occurs. Chronic Tonsillitis: Sore throat for 3 months, persistent sore throat, foul breath, enlarged cervical lymph nodes, halitosis. Indications for Tonsillectomy: Recurrent tonsillitis (4+ attacks in 1 year, 3+ attacks/year for 2 years, 2+ attacks/year for 3 years), chronic tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, persistent foul breath, obstructive symptoms, suspected malignancy. Complications: General anesthesia-associated complications, dental injury, tonsil dislocation, postoperative bleeding, airway obstruction, aspiration of any contents, persistent tender cervical lymphadenopathy.